Arrange the following in the order of property indicated for each set: (i) F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂ - increasing bond dissociation enthalpy.(ii) HF, HCl, HBr, HI - increasing acid strength. (iii) NH₃, PH₃, AsH₃, SbH₃, BiH₃ - increasing base strength.
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Answer:a. Left to Right decreasing order
b. Left to Right increasing order
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Arrangement of given set based upon the property indicated
(i) F₂, Cl₂, Br₂, I₂
- The property given is Increasing bond dissociation enthalpy.
- The given elements belong to group 17 and are called halogens.
- From top to down (Fluorine to Iodine), the atomic size of the element increases. The bond dissociation enthalpy is inversely proportional to the atomic size.
- As the atomic size increases, the bond dissociation enthalpy decreases.
- Thus the increasing order of bond dissociation enthalpy is I₂< Br₂<Cl₂<F₂.
(ii) HF, HCl, HBr, HI
- The property given is increasing acidic strength.
- The elements present in the given compounds belong to group 17 and are called halogens.
- From top to down (Fluorine to Iodine), the atomic size of the element increases. The acidic strength is inversely proportional to the atomic size.
- As the atomic size increases, the acidic strength decreases. Thus the arrangement of compounds in increasing order of acid strength is HF <HCl<HBr< HI.
(iii) NH₃, PH₃, AsH₃, SbH₃, BiH₃
- The property given is increasing base strength.
- The elements present in the given compounds belongs to group 15 in the periodic table.
- From top to down (Nitrogen -Bismuth), the atomic size of the element increases. The capability of holding electron decreases, due to which the basic character also decreases.
- Thus the arrangement of compounds in increasing order of base strength is BiH₃<SbH₃<AsH₃<PH₃<NH₃.
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