article on bullying in schools for class 9
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Answer:
School Bullying is a type of bullying, that occurs in any educational setting. .... In their paper "Predicting Bullying: Exploring the Contributions of Childhood Negative Life ...
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Explanation:
While hazing also involves aggression over a period, bullying excludes the victim from a group while hazing is part of initiation of the victim into a group.
Twenty eight percent of young people from grades six through 12 have been the victim of bullying.
Teachers often underestimate how much bullying is occurring at their schools.
Parents are aware their child is being bullied only about half the time.
Contrary to popular belief, bullies who have never been bullied themselves often have been found to have rather high self-esteem and to be social climbers.
Bystanders of bullying tend to succumb to what they believe is peer pressure to support bullying behavior and fear of becoming the victim.
Bullying can have significantly negative outcomes, for both the bully and the victim.
There are a number of approaches that victims and bystanders of bullying, as well as parents, school, and work personnel can use to discourage bullying at school or in the workplace.
While state laws have little consistency in their definition of bullying, the accepted definition by the U.S. Department of Education and by many mental health professionals is unwanted physical or verbal aggression directed at a specific person, repeated over a period, involves an imbalance of power, and acts to exclude the victim from a group. It is further characterized by the bully repeatedly using the higher social status they have over the victim to exert power and to hurt the victim. When the harassment, name calling, gossiping, outing, rumor spreading, threats, or other forms of intimidation expand from being done in person or by phone to the use of emails, chat rooms, blogs, or other social media over the Internet, it is referred to as cyber bullying or online bullying. In contrast, hazing is part of initiation of the victim into a group and meanness does not involve an imbalance of power. Further, meanness involves hurtful behaviors between people who are equals, in social standing and otherwise.
People usually think of bullying as taking place between children at school. However, it can also occur at work and include aggressive behaviors like verbal abuse, sabotaging the victim's job or work relationship, or misusing authority. Adult bullies who engage in these behaviors are males 60% of the time. While men who bully tend to victimize both genders equally, women bullies target other women about 80% of the time.
There are at least five types of bullying.
Physical bullying can involve hitting, kicking, pinching, pushing, or otherwise attacking others.
Verbal bullying refers to the use of words to harm others with name-calling, insults, making sexual or bigoted comments, harsh teasing, taunting, mimicking, or verbal threats.
Relational bullying focuses on excluding someone from a peer group, usually through verbal threats, spreading rumors, and other forms of intimidation.
Reactive bullying involves the bully responding to being a former victim by picking on others.
Bullying can also involve assault on a person's property, when the victim has his or her personal property taken or damaged.