Article on cash crops tea and coffee in 150 words
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Answer:
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Explanation:
TYPES:
1.Black Tea – by drying leaves in the sun & then rolling them mechanically between steel rollers & fermenting them
2.Green Tea – no fermentation in this process
3.Oolong Tea-made by fermenting tea leaves-gives gereenish-brown colour
TEMPERATURE: 12 to 35 degree C but 25 degree C is an ideal temperature
RAINFALL:150 cm TO 250 cm (distribution throughout the year)
SOIL: Light loams rich in iron content , porous sub-soils so that water percolates , stagnation of water near roots is harmful.
METHODS OF FARMING: By sowing seeds in germinating beds, and another method is to use cuttings from high yielding plants.
•AREAS AND STATES:
•Assam – largest producer
•Brahmaputra valley in Assam, Darjeeling in West Bengal, Kangra in Himachal, Garhwal Hills in Uttaranchal, Nilgiri Hills and Annamalai Hills in the South .
Now come lets see the main part
Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain Coffea species. Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried. Dried coffee seeds (referred to as "beans") are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor. Roasted beans are ground and then brewed with near-boiling water to produce the beverage known as coffee.
Coffee
A small cup of coffee.JPG
A cup of black coffee
Type
Hot or cold (usually hot)
Country of origin
Yemen[1]
Introduced
15th century
Color
Black, dark brown, light brown, beige
Coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content.[2] It is one of the most popular drinks in the world,[3] and it can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte). It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is a popular alternative.
Clinical studies indicate that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption reduces the risk of some diseases, although those long-term studies are generally of poor quality.[4]
The earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines.[1] It was in what is now Yemen that coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. But the coffee seeds had to be first exported from East Africa to Yemen, as Coffea arabica is thought to have been indigenous to the former.[5] The Yemenis obtained their coffee via Somali traders from Berbera who in turn procured the beans from the Ethiopian Highlands and began to cultivate the seed. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa. From there, it spread to Europe and the rest of the world.
The two most commonly grown are C. arabica and C. robusta. Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa. As of 2018, Brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing one-third of the world total. Coffee is a major export commodity, being the top legal agricultural export for numerous countries.[failed verification] It is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. Green, unroasted coffee is one of the most traded agricultural commodities in the world. The way developed countries trade coffee with developing nations has been criticised, as well as the impact on the environment with regards to the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. Consequently, the markets for fair trade and organic coffee are expanding.
The word "coffee" entered the English language in 1582 via the Dutch koffie, borrowed from the Ottoman Turkish kahve, borrowed in turn from the Arabic قهوة qahwah.[10] The Arabic word qahwah was traditionally held to refer to a type of wine whose etymology is given by Arab lexicographers as deriving from the verb قَهِيَ qahiya, "to lack hunger", in reference to the drink's reputation as an appetite suppressant.
The term "coffee pot" dates from 1705.[11] The expression "coffee break" was first attested in 1952.[11]
An additional hypothesis states that the name came through Ethiopia's Southwestern province of Kaffa. However that province might have derived its name from an Arabic word for 'drink from berries', as stated in the Wikipedia lemma on the Kaffa Province. This Arabic background however is disputed
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