article on computer a wonder machine
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Modern science has given us many wonderful gifts. These have helped us to advance rapidly on several fronts. These have almost revolutionised human life. Consequently, life has become more efficient, easy, convenient, fast and comfortable.
The invention of computer and its further development is one of these most marvelous gifts of modern science.
A computer can be defined as a machine which stores information, data etc., on magnetic tapes, analyses and retrieves the same instantly when required. Thus, it has helped us in overcoming many difficult problems of multiple calculations, data processing, recordkeeping, scientific analyzing etc. As far as storage of information and calculation of data are concerned it has surpassed common human mind. The speed, accuracy, reliability and capacity of a modern computer are really astounding. In short, a computer is a fantastic machine.
A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem.
Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU), and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit can change the order of operations in response to stored information. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, and the result of operations saved and retrieved.
Mechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century and were later used in the medieval era for astronomical calculations. In World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming. During this time the first electronic digital computers were developed. Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs).
Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space.Computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are generally considered as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.