Article on growth pole theory in regional planning
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The main author of growth poles theory, created in the 1950s, was Francois Perroux (1903–1987). The key and the most important theoretical foundation of the whole concept was Perroux´s argument which explains the procedure of economic growth in the following way: "It is a blunt and indisputable fact that growth is not uniform in different places but growth has different degrees of intensity in different point, or poles, and then it spreads via channels and its final result for the state economy is different in different regions" (Vystoupil, 2003).
According to growth poles theory the propulsive pole is a business unit(a company, industry) or a set of these units and these units are the main force of the economic development as they generate growth through the impact of strong input-output linkages (Adamčík, 2002). All other industries, which lack the strong character, are called propelled. To summarize, in this theory the economic development of a regions depends on the intensity of the propulsive industries on the propelled.
This classification then creates polarization of space. Perroux also identified the terms dominant regionwhich is the region where poles of development are concentrated, and dominated region which is a region where side poles are concentrated and which develop economic activities affected by the demand from dominant region were labor comes from (Vystoupil, 2003).
Growth poles theory thus documents the contribution of polarization to the development of poles as well as peripheries and this theory identifies 4 basic types of polarization (Adamčík, 2002):
technological and technical - based on the concentration of new technology in the growth pole,
income - the growth pole contributes to the concentration and the growth of income due to expansion of services and dependence on demand and profit,
psychological based on the optimistic anticipation of future demand in the propelled region,
geographical based on the concentration of economic activity in a geographically determined space.
According to growth poles theory the propulsive pole is a business unit(a company, industry) or a set of these units and these units are the main force of the economic development as they generate growth through the impact of strong input-output linkages (Adamčík, 2002). All other industries, which lack the strong character, are called propelled. To summarize, in this theory the economic development of a regions depends on the intensity of the propulsive industries on the propelled.
This classification then creates polarization of space. Perroux also identified the terms dominant regionwhich is the region where poles of development are concentrated, and dominated region which is a region where side poles are concentrated and which develop economic activities affected by the demand from dominant region were labor comes from (Vystoupil, 2003).
Growth poles theory thus documents the contribution of polarization to the development of poles as well as peripheries and this theory identifies 4 basic types of polarization (Adamčík, 2002):
technological and technical - based on the concentration of new technology in the growth pole,
income - the growth pole contributes to the concentration and the growth of income due to expansion of services and dependence on demand and profit,
psychological based on the optimistic anticipation of future demand in the propelled region,
geographical based on the concentration of economic activity in a geographically determined space.
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