article on weather, climate and adaptation
Answers
Answer:
The day to day condition of atmosphere at a particular place is called weather. The weather can be comfortable, or can be too hot or cold.
The daily report about weather; usually released by the meteorological department is called weather report. Weather report is often shown along with the news on television.
Department of Meteorology is a Government Department. The Meteorological Department measures the elements of weather and keeps their record. Meteorologists use data from satellites and analyse the data to forecast about the weather.
2. CONSTITUENTS OF WEATHER
The various elements of weather are temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind-speed, etc.
I. Temperature
Temperature depends upon the duration of sunshine. During the summer season, the duration of the sunshine is longer. Due to this, the temperature is high in summer. The day temperature is minimum in the morning and maximum at noon.
II. Humidity
Humidity is the amount of moisture present in air. Humidity is generally measured in percentage. Humidity is generally at the highest level; during the rainy season.
III. Rainfall [Clouds]
Amount of rainfall is measured in terms of mm. For this, an apparatus; called rain gauge is used.
IV. Wind-speed
Speed of wind also affects the condition of weather.
V. Atmospheric Pressure
Atmospheric pressure also affects the condition of weather. An increase in pressure means sunny and dry conditions, while decrease in pressure means stormy and wet conditions.
VI. Precipitation
Precipitation pressure also affects the condition of weather. An increase in pressure means sunny and dry conditions, while decrease in pressure means stormy and wet conditions.
Factors Effecting Weather
The sun is responsible for all the changes in the weather. We know that the sun is a huge sphere of hot gases and has a very high temperature. The distance between the sun and us is very large. The sun is the chief source of light and heat for the earth. It is also the primary source of energy, and causes changes in the weather.
The energy absorbed and reflected by the earth’s surface, the oceans and the atmosphere play an important role in determining the weather at any place. Also, gases like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor play a role in determining the weather.
Place and Weather
The weather in coastal areas is very different than that in a desert or hilly areas. The maximum and the minimum temperatures of a place are recording using a special type of thermometer every day. Special thermometers called maximum and minimum thermometers are used to determine the maximum and the minimum temperatures in a day.
The maximum temperature of the day is recorded during the afternoon, while the minimum temperature is recorded early in the morning.
3. WEATHER MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Different types of measuring instruments are available to measure different weather components like temperature, rainfall, wind speed, humidity etc.
1. Thermometer
A Thermometer measures the air temperature. Most thermometers are closed glass tubes containing liquids such as alcohol or mercury. When air around the tube heats the liquid, the liquid expands and moves up the tube. A scale then shows what the actual temperature is.
2. Barometer
A Barometer measures atmospheric pressure. It tells you whether or not the pressure is rising or falling. A rising barometer means sunny and dry conditions, while a falling barometer means stormy and wet conditions. An Italian scientist named Torricelli built the first barometer in 1643.
3. Sling Psychrometer
A Sling Psychrometer measures relative humidity, using the cooling effect of evaporation. Two thermometers are used in a sling psychrometer. Wet the cloth of one of the thermometers and swing the psychrometer around a few times. Water evaporates from the cloth, causing the temperatures on that thermometer to be lower the other.
Answer:
Climate has a profound effect on all living organisms. Animals are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. Animals living in very cold and hot climate must possess special features to protect themselves against the extreme cold or heat.
Weather reflects short-term conditions of the atmosphere while climate is the average daily weather for an extended period of time at a certain location. ... Weather can change from minute-to-minute, hour-to-hour, day-to-day, and season-to-season. Climate, is the average of weather over time and space.
An adaptation is any heritable trait that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive and reproduce in its environment. View leveled Article.
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