Article on wireless network technology
about 250 words
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One of the greatest and most useful discoveries of the late centuries with remarkable impact is the information super high way the internet contains tremendous impact in today’s society .The growth of internet provides developing prospects for online information and to useful books for students across the globe. The internet is a global network of computer largely based on platforms of wireless communication which provides ubiquitous capacity of multi model, interactive communication in chosen time and transcending space.
wireless network technology
ᴡɪ-ғɪ ʜᴀs ᴇɴᴛᴇʀᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛᴏ ᴏᴜʀ ʟɪᴠᴇs sᴏᴍᴇ ʏᴇᴀʀs ɴᴏᴡ. ɪᴛ sᴏʟᴠᴇs sᴏᴍᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴡɪʀᴇ ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴜᴛ ɢᴇɴᴇʀᴀᴛᴇ ɴᴇᴡ. ᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ғᴇᴡ ᴀᴅᴠᴀɴᴛᴀɢᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ʟᴏᴛ ᴏғ ᴅɪsᴀᴅᴠᴀɴᴛᴀɢᴇs. ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴄᴀɴ ʙᴇ ᴠᴇʀʏ ᴜsᴇғᴜʟ ɪɴ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴄᴀsᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ɪ ᴛʜɪɴᴋ ɪᴛ ᴅᴇsᴇʀᴠᴇs ᴀ ᴅᴇᴇᴘ ʟᴏᴏᴋ ɪɴ ᴛᴏ ɪᴛ. ᴀʟsᴏ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ʜᴀs ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴘʀᴏsᴘᴇᴄᴛs ғᴏʀ ғᴜʀᴛʜᴇʀ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ. ᴡɪ-ғɪ ɴᴇᴇᴅs sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴇᴅ ᴅᴇᴠɪᴄᴇs ɪɴ ᴏʀᴅᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴇʀʟʏ.
ʜɪsᴛᴏʀʏ
ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴇʀᴍ ᴡɪ-ғɪ (ᴡɪʀᴇʟᴇss ғɪᴅᴇʟɪᴛʏ) ɪs ᴜsᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴏʀᴅᴇʀ ᴛᴏ ᴅᴇᴛᴇʀᴍɪɴᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴀɴᴄᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ʙᴀsᴇᴅ ᴏɴ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪᴇᴇᴇ 802.11 ᴀɴᴅ ғᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ɪsᴍ ʙᴀɴᴅ, ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ғʀᴇϙᴜᴇɴᴄɪᴇs 2.4ɢʜᴢ ғᴏʀ ᴇᴜʀᴏᴘᴇ .ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴜsᴇs sɪɴɢʟᴇ ᴄᴀʀʀɪᴇʀ ᴅsss (ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛ sᴇϙᴜᴇɴᴄᴇ sᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ sᴘᴇᴄᴛʀᴜᴍ) ʀᴀᴅɪᴏ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ ʙᴜᴛ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴍᴜʟᴛɪ-ᴄᴀʀʀɪᴇʀ ᴏғᴅᴍ (ᴏʀᴛʜᴏɢᴏɴᴀʟ ғʀᴇϙᴜᴇɴᴄʏ ᴅɪᴠɪsɪᴏɴ ᴍᴜʟᴛɪᴘʟᴇxɪɴɢ) ʀᴀᴅɪᴏ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ. ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ʀᴇɢᴜʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴇɴᴀʙʟᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ᴡɪ-ғɪ, ᴀʀᴇ ʜᴏᴍᴇʀғ, ᴀɴᴅ ʙʟᴜᴇᴛᴏᴏᴛʜ.
ᴜɴʟɪᴄᴇɴsᴇᴅ sᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ sᴘᴇᴄᴛʀᴜᴍ ᴡᴀs ᴀᴠᴀɪʟᴀʙʟᴇ ғᴏʀ ғɪʀsᴛ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴇᴅᴇʀᴀʟ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴜɴɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴄᴏᴍᴍɪssɪᴏɴ ɪɴ 1985 ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴄᴄ ʀᴇɢᴜʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴄᴏᴘɪᴇᴅ ʟᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴡɪᴛʜ sᴏᴍᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɢᴇs ɪɴ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀᴅᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴜsᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜɪs ᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ ᴇɴᴀʙʟᴇ ɪɴ ᴀʟʟ ᴍᴀᴊᴏʀ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇs. ᴍɪᴄʜᴀᴇʟ ᴍᴀʀᴄᴜs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴄᴄ sᴛᴀғғ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏsᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴄᴄ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ 1980 ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ sᴜʙsᴇϙᴜᴇɴᴛ ʀᴇɢᴜʟᴀᴛᴏʀʏ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ 5 ᴍᴏʀᴇ ʏᴇᴀʀs. ɪᴛ ᴡᴀs ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏsᴀʟ ᴛᴏ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ᴄɪᴠɪʟ ᴜsᴇ ᴏғ sᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ sᴘᴇᴄᴛʀᴜᴍ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀs ᴏᴘᴘᴏsᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀɪɴsᴛʀᴇᴀᴍ ᴇϙᴜɪᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴍᴀɴᴜғᴀᴄᴛᴜʀᴇʀs ᴀɴᴅ ᴍᴀɴʏ ʀᴀᴅɪᴏ sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴏᴘᴇʀᴀᴛᴏʀs. (ғᴇᴅᴇʀᴀʟ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴜɴɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴄᴏᴍᴍɪssɪᴏɴ. 1985).
ᴛʜᴇ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴡᴀs ɪɴᴠᴇɴᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴ 1991 ʙʏ ɴᴄʀ ᴄᴏʀᴘᴏʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ/ᴀᴛ&ᴛ. ɪɴɪᴛɪᴀʟʟʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴜsᴇ ᴡᴀs ғᴏʀ ᴄᴀsʜɪᴇʀ sʏsᴛᴇᴍs. ᴛʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ ᴡɪʀᴇʟᴇss ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ʙʀᴏᴜɢʜᴛ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀʀᴋᴇᴛ ᴡᴀs ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴀᴍᴇ “ᴡᴀᴠᴇʟᴀɴ” ᴡɪᴛʜ sᴘᴇᴇᴅs ᴏғ 1 ᴍʙɪᴛ/s ᴜᴘ ᴛᴏ 2 ᴍʙɪᴛ/s. ᴠɪᴄ ʜᴀʏᴇs, ᴡᴀs ɪɴᴠᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴅᴇsɪɢɴɪɴɢ sᴛᴀɴᴅᴀʀᴅs sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ɪᴇᴇᴇ 802.11ʙ, ᴀɴᴅ 802.11ᴀ. ʜᴇ ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ɴᴀᴍᴇᴅ ᴀs “ᴛʜᴇ ғᴀᴛʜᴇʀ ᴏғ ᴡɪ-ғɪ”. (ᴠɪᴄ ʜᴀʏᴇs ᴀᴛ 1sᴛ ʜᴏᴍᴇ ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋɪɴɢ ᴄᴏɴғᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ, 2007).
ᴜsᴇs
ᴀ ᴅᴇᴠɪᴄᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴇɴᴀʙʟᴇᴅ, sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ᴀ ᴘᴄ, ᴘᴅᴀ, ᴄᴇʟʟ ᴘʜᴏɴᴇ, ɢᴀᴍᴇ ᴄᴏɴsᴏʟᴇ, ᴏʀ ᴍᴘ3 ᴘʟᴀʏᴇʀ ᴄᴀɴ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴇᴛ ᴡɪᴛʜɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴀɴɢᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴡɪʀᴇʟᴇss ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴇᴛ (ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ). ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴏɴᴇ ᴏʀ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴘᴏɪɴᴛs ɪɴ ᴀ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ɪs ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ʜᴏᴛsᴘᴏᴛ. ʜᴏᴛsᴘᴏᴛs ᴄᴀɴ ᴄᴏᴠᴇʀ ᴀ sɪɴɢʟᴇ ʀᴏᴏᴍ ᴜᴘ ᴛᴏ ᴍᴀɴʏ sϙᴜᴀʀᴇs ᴄᴏᴠᴇʀᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴏᴠᴇʀʟᴀᴘᴘɪɴɢ ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴘᴏɪɴᴛs. ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴠɪᴄᴇs ᴄᴀɴ ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴇᴛ, sʜᴀʀᴇ ғɪʟᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴅɪɢɪᴛᴀʟ ᴄᴀᴍᴇʀᴀs ᴄᴀɴ ᴛʀᴀɴsғᴇʀ ᴠɪᴅᴇᴏ ᴡɪʀᴇʟᴇssʟʏ.
ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡs ᴅᴇᴠɪᴄᴇs ᴛᴏ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛ ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟʏ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ (ᴘᴇᴇʀ-ᴛᴏ-ᴘᴇᴇʀ ᴍᴏᴅᴇ). ᴛʜɪs ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ ᴍᴏᴅᴇ ɪs ᴜsᴇғᴜʟ ᴍᴏsᴛ ɪɴ ɢᴀᴍɪɴɢ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴs.
ᴡʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ ʀᴇʟᴇᴀsᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀʀᴋᴇᴛ ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ ᴄᴏɴsᴜᴍᴇʀs ᴡᴇʀᴇ ɴᴏᴛ sᴜʀᴇ ɪғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛs ғʀᴏᴍ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴀɴɪᴇs ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴛᴏɢᴇᴛʜᴇʀ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴀʟʟɪᴀɴᴄᴇ ʙᴇɢᴀɴ ᴀs ᴀ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴜɴɪᴛʏ ᴛᴏ sᴏʟᴠᴇ ᴛʜɪs ᴀɴᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴀᴅᴅʀᴇss ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇᴇᴅs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇɴᴅ ᴜsᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀʟʟᴏᴡ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ ᴛᴏ ᴍᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʟʟɪᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʀᴀɴᴅɪɴɢ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴄᴇʀᴛɪғɪᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ sʜᴏᴡ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴsᴜᴍᴇʀs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛs ᴀʀᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴏᴘᴇʀᴀʙʟᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛs ᴅɪsᴘʟᴀʏɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ sᴀᴍᴇ ʙʀᴀɴᴅɪɴɢ. (ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴀʟʟɪᴀɴᴄᴇ, 2000).
ʀᴏᴜᴛᴇʀs ᴀɴᴅ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴘᴏɪɴᴛs ᴀʀᴇ ᴜsᴇᴅ ᴍᴏsᴛ ɪɴ ʜᴏᴍᴇs ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴠɪᴅᴇ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴇᴛ ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴀɴᴅ ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴀʟʟ ᴅᴇᴠɪᴄᴇs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴡɪʀᴇʟᴇssʟʏ ᴏʀ ʙʏ ᴄᴀʙʟᴇs ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇᴍ. ᴅᴇᴠɪᴄᴇs ᴄᴀɴ ᴀʟsᴏ ʙᴇ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴀᴅ-ʜᴏᴄ ᴍᴏᴅᴇ ғᴏʀ ᴄʟɪᴇɴᴛ-ᴛᴏ-ᴄʟɪᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴏɴɴᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴs ᴡɪᴛʜᴏᴜᴛ ᴜsɪɴɢ ᴀ ʀᴏᴜᴛᴇʀ.
ɪɴ ʙᴜsɪɴᴇss ᴀɴᴅ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀɪᴀʟ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛs, ᴀs ɪɴᴄʀᴇᴀsɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴜᴍʙᴇʀ ᴏғ ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴘᴏɪɴᴛs ᴡᴇ ɢᴇᴛ ғᴀsᴛᴇʀ ʀᴏᴀᴍɪɴɢ ᴀɴᴅ ɪɴᴄʀᴇᴀsᴇᴅ ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴄᴀᴘᴀᴄɪᴛʏ ʙʏ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴍᴀʟʟᴇʀ ᴄᴇʟʟs ᴏʀ ʙʏ ᴜsɪɴɢ ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɴᴇʟs. ᴡɪ-ғɪ ᴄᴀɴ ᴇɴᴀʙʟᴇ ᴡɪʀᴇʟᴇss ᴠᴏɪᴄᴇ ᴀᴘᴘʟɪᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴs sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ᴡᴠᴏɪᴘ. ᴡɪ-ғɪ ɪɴsᴛᴀʟʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴs ᴄᴀɴ ᴘʀᴏᴠɪᴅᴇ ᴀ sᴇᴄᴜʀᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴜᴛᴇʀ ɴᴇᴛᴡᴏʀᴋ, ғɪʀᴇᴡᴀʟʟ, ᴅʜᴄᴘ sᴇʀᴠᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ғᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴs.