As a Filipino, do you have your own identity? cite at least 2 of them and explain briefly
Answers
Answer:
Abstract
With their national origins in Spanish and US imperialism, and in the subsequent wake of intense waves of cultural colonisation, educated Filipinos are often at a loss about what their roots are. In order to bring much needed clarity to the ongoing debate about what it means to be Filipino, this essay will relate the past to the present by tracing the evolution of, and the continuities in, the essence of Filipino social organisation and worldview, drawing frequent comparisons with Indonesian and Thai data. The core approach taken – wherein these issues are examined through the lens of culture – is complemented with (i) reflections on common Southeast Asian principles of social construction and (ii) with the pinpointing of the systemic divides that prevent Filipinos from identifying with the collective whole and from growing into a nation of committed citizens. The paper is of relevance both to scholarly researchers and to others with practical interests in the region, as it will enable them to better know the people that they are or will be dealing with.
Keywords The Philippines, history and identity, nationalism, civil society, American cultural intervention, school curriculum, cultural history
Prefatory
As an exercise in the histoire des mentalités, this essay traces the evolution of the characteristic ethos infusing the state and nation in the Philippines. While state-propagated nationalism and its associated rituals are inescapably present in day-to-day life, these dynamics fail to evoke a popular sense of belonging to a shared civil world. It seems as if the public sphere of the state and the private sphere of everyday life do not connect, a reality which is enhanced in practice by the systematic exclusion of the ordinary citizen from the country's oligarchic political process. As it is often expected that a vocal civil society can provide the cultural leadership that successfully moulds the nation, the reasons for the underdevelopment of such a force need to complement the narrative.
The Problem of Nationhood
The depth to which American cultural imperialism has penetrated Filipino society is demonstrated by the listlessness of the nation-building spirit within it. In a country like Indonesia the erasure of the humiliation of the colonial past was not so much a priority as a matter of course, and it is inconceivable that Indonesians would invoke the Dutch era as a way to explain the history and shape of their present nation state. In the Philippines, however, the granting of independence is still celebrated with the depiction of the lowering of a conspicuous American flag on the current one hundred peso note, while the names of Taft, Harrison, Lawton and the like live on. Even so, after independence, many places have been renamed after national heroes – and many more after not-so-heroic presidents, amongst whom Quezon leads the pack of those obscuring the history of provinces, towns, villages and streets.
Who cares? The very cultural imperialism that thwarts nation-building also destroys historical continuity, and so the Filipino sense of a collective becoming has been obliterated. As a “modern”, American-educated nation, the Filipino people should face forwards and be progress-oriented – thereby basically concurring with Henry Ford's dictum that “history is bunk”. Be that as it may, certain academic circles have recognised that the depth of the colonial impact has led to the “mis-education of the Filipino” (Constantino 1966) and a “colonial mentality” that keeps inferiority feelings alive, while fostering the blind acceptance of the superiority of anything emanating from the United States. As a result, in 1972, the Marcos dispensation promulgated the Educational Development Decree that, amongst other things, was intended to remedy the “problem of nationhood”.
Under Marcos, school education apparently did not succeed in instilling the desired sense of nationhood. Thus in 1987, Senator Ramos-Shahani proposed conducting
Answer:
No such identity has been found
Explanation:
The majority of educated Filipinos sum up their own identity by saying that because of colonisation, they lack a (distinct) identity and that what they currently possess is a borrowing from Spanish and American influence.
Out of the fight for Philippine independence came a sense of national identity and pride. Loyalties are still primarily to one's family and place of birth, nevertheless. Many Filipinos have a friendly and inviting demeanour, and the culture is permeated with important values like friendship, respect, and acceptance.
They do not have unique identification.
#SPJ3