Asexual reproduction generates offspring that are genetically identical to a single parent. In sexual reproduction, two parents contribute genetic information to produce unique offspring. Sexual and asexual reproduction have advantages and disadvantages—which is why some organisms do both!
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ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Advantages
1. Rapid Population
Asexual reproduction gives the ability to produce large quantities of of offspring. This helps to fill up niche’s quickly and prevent intruders and competition from invading.
2. No Mates Required At All
Finding a mate can be very difficult for organisms that are in desolate environments, like the deep ocean. Asexual reproduction takes the need to find a mate away, allowing these organisms to multiply.
3. In Case of An Emergency
In dire situations, plants and organisms can keep themselves alive and produce others to help them without the help of a mate, or other reproductive source. Plants are a great example of this. If no pollinator is available to pollinate, then they can clone by asexual reproduction.
Disadvantages
1. No Diversity
Since the traits of only one parent is passed on, all of the offspring are exactly identical. This causes for a very big lack of diversity among the population of these organisms.
2. Prone To Extinction
All of the same traits also means all of the same weaknesses. Parasites and other predators that have evolved to kill just one of the organisms can take out the entire population.
3. Some Cannot Adapt
An organism has established reactions to certain things, and all of these reactions are passed down to their offspring with asexual reproduction. This makes it impossible for them to adapt to any environment changes.
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
ADVANTAGES
1. It paves the way to unique individuals.
In asexual organisms, their cells go through a process called mitosis. This means that every chromosome is copied before the nucleus divides and that every resulting chromosome receives the exact same copy of genetic information. As a result, children are very similar to their parents since they’re essentially carbon copies of them.
2. It promotes survival.
organisms that reproduce asexually have genetically identical offspring. This can be the downfall of their species because, if one of them develops a certain type of illness, the disease can easily spread to the rest of the population and affect them all in the same way. As a result, their entire species can be wiped out, rendering them extinct. This is fortunately not the case with sexually reproducing organisms. Since every individual is genetically different, there’s a high chance that some members of the species won’t be affected by diseases that destroy others. These individuals can go on to survive and reproduce, ensuring their species won’t go extinct.
3. It removes bad genes from the population.
Mitosis, as mentioned, copies the genetic code of the nucleus during reproduction. This means that asexual organisms pass on the same types of chromosomes to all their offspring, whether these chromosomes bring about good or bad traits. In meiosis, however, there’s always the chance that these chromosomes won’t be passed down to the offspring. Even if they would, natural selection can still prevent them from being passed down to the next generation, ensuring that the species can eventually be free of these unfavorable genes.
DISADVANTAGES
1. It requires two parents.
One of the biggest benefits of asexual reproduction is that any asexual organism can produce offspring on its own. Unfortunately, reproduction isn’t as easy as for sexual organisms, which need a male and female in order to reproduce. This can be difficult when there’s a disparity between the number of males and females in the area.
2. It takes time and energy.
Sexual reproduction is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Humans, for example, need enough time to find a mate and build an emotional connection with them (whether temporarily or permanently) before they can copulate. The same is true for animals; males need to court females and convince them to choose them as mates while competing with other males who also have their eyes on the female. Many mating processes in animals often lead to fights among the males (who try to prove their masculinity and virility), resulting to injuries and even death. It’s also important to note that not all sexual reproductive acts are successful.
3. It can prevent favorable genes from being passed to offspring.
Sexual reproduction, as mentioned above, can prevent bad genes from being passed down to offspring, but it can also do the same thing for good genes. For instance, if a female with an excellent genetic makeup is paired with a male with a poor genetic makeup, their children may take after the father and end up with undesirable traits. Even if they would inherit good traits from their mother, they would still not be 100 percent like her since they won’t receive the exact same set of genes from her.
HOPE IT HELPS YOU (even though the question is not clearly stated)