Ashoka was inspired by the teaching of
options
a)mahavira
b)nagarjuna
c)ashvagosha
d)buddha
Answers
Answer:
d. Buddha is the correct answer.
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Answer:
Mahavira
Explanation:
Mahavira (Sanskrit: महावीर) also known as Vardhaman, was the 24th tirthankara (supreme preacher) of Jainism. He was the spiritual successor of the 23rd tirthankara Parshvanatha.[9] Mahavira was born in the early part of the 6th century BCE into a royal Kshatriya Jain family in ancient India. His mother's name was Trishala and his father's name was Siddhartha. They were lay devotees of Parshvanatha. Mahavira abandoned all worldly possessions at the age of about 30 and left home in pursuit of spiritual awakening, becoming an ascetic. Mahavira practiced intense meditation and severe austerities for twelve and a half years, after which he attained Kevala Jnana (omniscience). He preached for 30 years and attained Moksha (liberation) in the 6th century BCE, although the year varies by sect.
Historically, Mahavira, who revived and preached Jainism in ancient India, was an older contemporary of Gautama Buddha.
Jains celebrate Mahavir Janma Kalyanak every year on the 13th day of the Indian Calendar month of Chaitra.[10]
Mahavira taught that observance of the vows of ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truth), asteya (non-stealing), brahmacharya (chastity), and aparigraha (non-attachment) are necessary for spiritual liberation. He taught the principles of Anekantavada (many-sided reality): syadvada and nayavada. Mahavira's teachings were compiled by Indrabhuti Gautama (his chief disciple) as the Jain Agamas. The texts, transmitted orally by Jain monks, are believed to have been largely lost by about the 1st century CE (when the remaining were first written down in the Svetambara tradition). The surviving versions of the Agamas taught by Mahavira are some of Svetambara Jainism's foundation texts, but their authenticity is disputed in Digambara Jainism.
According to later Jain texts, Mahavira's childhood name was Vardhamāna ("the one who grows") because of the kingdom's prosperity at the time of his birth.[13] According to the Kalpasutras, he was called Mahavira ("the great hero") by the gods in the Kalpa Sūtra because he remained steadfast in the midst of dangers, fears, hardships and calamities.[12] He is also known as a tirthankara.[14]
Historical Mahavira
Map of India during the 6th century BCE
Ancient kingdoms and cities of India at the time of Mahavira
It is universally accepted by scholars of Jainism that Mahavira lived in ancient India.[15][16] According to the Digambara Uttarapurana text, Mahavira was born in Kundalpur in the Kingdom of the Videhas;[17] the Śvētāmbara Kalpa Sūtra uses the name "Kundagrama",[1][18] said to be located in present-day Bihar, India. Although it is thought to be the town of Basu Kund, about 60 kilometres (37 miles) north of Patna (the capital of Bihar),[19][20] his birthplace remains a subject of dispute.[1][15][21] Mahavira renounced his material wealth and left home when he was twenty-eight, by some accounts[22] (thirty by others),[23] lived an ascetic life for twelve and a half years in which he did not even sit for a time, attained Kevalgyana and then preached Jainism for thirty years.[22] Where he preached has been a subject of disagreement between the two major traditions of Jainism: Śvētāmbara and Digambara traditions.[1]
Mahavira was born in 540 BCE and died in 443 BCE.[7][22] The Barli Inscription in Prakrit language which was inscribed in 443 BCE (year 84 of the Vira Nirvana Samvat), contains the line Viraya Bhagavate chaturasiti vase, which can be interpreted as "dedicated to Lord Vira in his 84th year", 84 years after the Nirvana of the Mahavira.[24][25] However, paleographic analysis dates the inscription to the 2nd-1st century BCE.According to Buddhist and Jain texts they are believed to have been contemporaries which is supported by much ancient Buddhist literature. The Vira Nirvana Samvat era began in 527 BCE (with Mahavira's nirvana) and is a firmly-established part of Jain tradition.
The 12th-century Jain scholar Hemachandracharya placed Mahavira in the 5th century BCE. According to Jain, the traditional date of 527 BCE is accurate; the Buddha was younger than Mahavira and "might have attained nirvana a few years later". The place of his nirvana, Pavapuri in present-day Bihar, is a pilgrimage site for Jains.
Jain tradition
See also: Panch Kalyanaka
According to Jain cosmology, 24 Tirthankaras have appeared on earth; Mahavira is the last tirthankara of Avasarpiṇī (the present time cycle).[] A tirthankara (ford-maker, saviour or spiritual teacher) signifies the founding of a tirtha, a passage across the sea of birth-and-death cycles.
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