ASSERTION the action of soap and detergent is based on the presence of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic group in the molecule and this helps to emulsify the oil dirt and hence its removal
REASON the cleaning action of detergents is better than soaps
Answers
Answer:
1. Hardness – Harder soap which is a dense bar lasts longer.
2. Cleansing – The first reason the majority of people use soap is to get clean. A soap molecule consists of a chain of carbon atoms where one end of the chain attracts oil and the other attracts water. Soap should be balanced and not too much or too less of cleansing ingredient should be added.
3. Conditioner – Soap conditioners are referred to as emollients. Once you have washed your hands and what’s left behind on your skin after you rinse, depends on the type of soap a person uses. For instance, consider a person with dry skin, he/she should select a soap with moisturizing emollients that can prevent water evaporation.
4. Lather – Most people like soap which produces lather. The balance of bubbles and cleansing, soothing cream makes lather so satisfying.
5. Fragrance – It is an essential factor. Aromas evoke a unique combination of personal memory and enrich our daily life. Fragrances revitalize us, calm us, and most importantly mask our body odours.
What is Detergent?
Amphipathic molecules which contain charged hydrophilic or polar groups at the end of long lipophilic hydrocarbon groups are called detergents. The charged hydrophilic group is also called the head and the long lipophilic hydrocarbon group is called the tail. Detergents are also known as surfactants as they have the ability to decrease the surface tension of water.
Properties of Detergents
1. The concentration at which micelles formation starts is called as critical micelle concentration (CMC).
2. Aggregation number is the average number of monomers in a micelle.
3. Relative micelle size is indicated by micelle molecular weight.
4. The temperature at which the detergent solution is around or above its critical micelle concentration separates into two phases is called the cloud point.
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Explanation:
One end of soap molecules love water - they are hydrophilic. The other end of soap molecues hate water - they are hydrophobic. .
These drops of oil are suspended in the water. This is how soap cleans your hands - it causes drops of grease and dirt to be pulled off your hands and suspended in water.