Assertion: Vaccination and antibiotics work on the same principal of immunisation.
Reason: Antibiotics are administered only after a disease is there in the body.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If Reason is true but Assertion is false.
(e) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccines
6.1 General considerations
Vaccination is the administration of agent-specific, but relatively harmless, antigenic
components that in vaccinated individuals can induce protective immunity against the
corresponding infectious agent. In practice, the terms “vaccination” and “immunization” are
often used interchangeably.
6.1.1 Disease prevention
Vaccination is a highly effective method of preventing certain infectious diseases. Vaccines
are generally very safe, and serious adverse reactions are uncommon. Routine immunization
programmes protect most of the world’s children from a number of infectious diseases that
previously caused millions of deaths each year. For travellers, vaccination offers the
possibility of avoiding some infectious diseases that may be encountered abroad. However,
satisfactory vaccines have not yet been developed against several of the most life-threatening
conditions.
6.1.2 Vaccination and other precautions
Despite their success in preventing disease, vaccines rarely protect 100% of the recipients.
No vaccinees, including travellers, should assume that there is no risk of contracting the
disease(s) against which they have been vaccinated. For example, vaccination is not a
substitute for avoiding potentially contaminated food and water. Consequently all additional
precautions against infection should be carefully considered.
6.1.3 Planning before travel
Before departure, travellers should be advised about the risk of disease in the country or
countries they plan to visit and the steps to be taken to prevent illness. No single vaccination
schedule suits all travellers. Each vaccination schedule must be personalized according to the
traveller’s previous immunizations, health status and risk factors, the countries to be visited,
the type and duration of travel, and the amount of time available before departure.
A medical consultation before departure is a good opportunity for the health-care provider to
review routine immunizations and update them in addition to providing the travel
immunizations indicated for the specific itinerary.
Following vaccination, the immune response of the vaccinated person varies according to the
type of vaccine, the number of doses administered, and whether the person has been
vaccinated previously against the same disease. For this reason, travellers are advised to
consult a travel medicine practitioner or physician 4–8 weeks before departure in order to
allow sufficient time for optimal immunization schedules to be completed
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.