Question

Assess the contribution of indian's in the fields in sculpture and arohitecture...? ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Mughal architecture first developed and flourished during the reign of Akbar the Great (1556–1605), where it was known for its extensive use of red sandstone as a building material. Humayun's Tomb, the sandstone mausoleum of Akbar's father, was built during this period of Mughal architecture.

Answer 2

Answer:

The history of Indian architecture can be traced back to the Chalcolithic Age as is evident from the progress of the Indus Valley Civilisation. The buildings of Indus Valley culture though made of bricks, possessed little aesthetic material.

In fact, we hardly come across any architectural remains of the pre-Mauryan period which have reached artistic value. This may be due to the fact that the buildings were not made of stone during this period.

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However, it is difficult to believe that the intervening centuries between Indus Valley civilisation and Mauryan Age could have been barren of architectural development because we find the Mauryan architecture very mature, which suggests that it was the result of long evolutionary process.

Magasthenes has mentioned the palace of Chandra Gupta Maurya which was built of carved and gilded wood. It appears that even the earlier buildings were made of wood which have since been destroyed. It is thus evident that we are handicapped in forming an idea about the Indian architecture on the basis of the architectural remains.

However, we can form an idea about the Indian archi­tecture from the various literary works and architectural texts, which have come to us chiefly in fragmentary condition. The art of build­ing underwent changes with the progress of time.

In the Agni and Garuda Puranas, nine types of buildings along with their details have been described. Similarly Matsya and Bhavishya Puranas described twenty types of edifices with great details.

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One of the most important architectural texts is Manasara which contains complete details about the architecture and sculpture. This work deals with both the methods and principles as well as construction details of all architectural and sculptural objects.

This work has taken the term architecture in a very broad sense and includes everything which is built or constructed according to a design with an artistic finish. Thus it includes sculpture also. The work also emphasises the importance of village scheme, town plan­ning and other allied subjects in great details.