Assess the role of Mahatma Gandhi in the nationalist movement
Answers
Mahatma Gandhi is perhaps the most widely recognized figure of the Indian Nationalist Movement for his role in leading non-violent civil uprisings. He first employed the non-violent approach in South Africa where he was serving as an expatriate lawyer. He was hurt and angry when he witnessed discrimination and exploitation of colored people under Whites rule. He organizes non-violent protests in the country which gained him fame and support from the people of South Africa.
Back in India, he decided to employ his newly learned ways of civil protest in his homeland that was staggering to attain freedom from the British rule. His first point of dissent with the British colonialists was the exorbitant taxes placed on Indian nationals. He organized the working class as well as those living in poverty to protest against the high taxes and social discrimination. In 1921, he became the leader of the Indian National Congress, a nationalist political party in India, which demanded nondiscriminatory laws, equal rights for men and women, peaceful inter-religious relations, overthrow of the caste system, and above all, Indian independence. During his lifetime, Gandhi carried out three major nationalist movements which are discussed below.
After returning from south africa, gandhiji played a leading role in the indian national movement from 1916 to death.
A. He successfully involved the masses in the satyagraha movements at champaran, kheda and ahmedabad to raise the voice of the peasants and workers.
B. He organized nationwide movements like non cooperation and civil disobedience and quit india movement to pressurize the colonial government to withdraw from India.
C. He mobilized the people to unite for a mass struggle. His call was responded to with whole hearted support.
D. He took up the causes of depressed classes and called them harijans the children of god and dignified their work.
E. His unique method of satyagraha based on truth and non violence was appreciated even by the britishers. His method included boycotts of british institutions.
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