Question

Assignment- Breathing in Humans
1. Define breathing. What do you mean by breathing rate? Mention the average breathing rate
in adult human
(3)
2. Why after heavy exercise breathing rate become faster?
(2)
3. Describe the process of inhalation and exhalation with diagram.
(4)
4. Write a short note on mechanism of breathing in human with diagram.
(5)
5. Why do we sneeze?
(1)​

Answer 1

Answer:

1.

breathing:

the process of taking air into and expelling it from the lungs.

breathing rate:

The respiratory rate is the rate at which breathing occurs. This is usually measured in breaths per minute and is set and controlled by the respiratory centre.

average breathing rate:

Normal respiration rates for an adult person at rest range from 12 to 16 breaths per minute.

2.

When you are doing increased physical activity, such as cycling, running or climbing, your breathing becomes faster. As well as bringing oxygen into the body more quickly, this speeds up the process of getting rid of carbon dioxide. Your brain sends out instructions to your body to increase the rate of respiration.

3.

Inhalation:

When you inhale (breathe in), air enters your lungs and oxygen from the air moves from your lungs to your blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from your blood to the lungs and is exhaled (breathe out). This process is called gas exchange and is essential to life.

(For picture reffer to the first image)

Exhalation:

Upon exhalation, the lungs recoil to force the air out of the lungs. The intercostal muscles relax, returning the chest wall to its original position. During exhalation, the diaphragm also relaxes, moving higher into the thoracic cavity.

(For picture reffer to the second image)

4.

The mechanism of breathing involves two main processes: inspiration and expiration. Inspiration occurs when the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles contract.The contraction or relaxation of muscles around the lungs changes the entire volume of air inside the lungs, and so does the pressure.

(For picture reffer to the third image)

5.

Sneezing is a mechanism your body uses to clear the nose. When foreign matter such as dirt, pollen, smoke, or dust enters the nostrils, the nose may become irritated or tickled. When this happens, your body does what it needs to do to clear the nose — it causes a sneeze.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

1. Breathing is the process of respiration, during which air is inhaled into lungs through the mouth or nose due to muscle contraction and then exhaled due to muscle relaxation.

Breathing rate - The respiratory rate is the rate at which breathing occurs . This is usually measured in breathes per minute and is set and controlled by the respiratory system.

The average breathing rate in adult human is at rest range from 12 to 16 breaths per minute.

2. During heavy exercises your lungs and respiratory system most provide more oxygen to the blood. you will breathe harder and faster because respiratory muscles are stimulated by sympathetic nerves in order to increase the rate of breathing.