Question

assignment on modern agriculture

Answer 1

 In India the following types of farming are practiced:1. Shifting Agriculture: (i) In shifting agriculture, land is obtained by cleaning forest and agriculture is practiced till the fertility of the farmis exhausted. After this another farm is cleared and agriculture is practiced on it.(ii) Usually, plant, tuber crops like yam, tapioca and root crops are raised. (Hi) It is practiced mainly by tribal livingin forest.2. Subsistence Agriculture: (i) In subsistence agriculture, farmer and his family produce cereals for themselves only or for local market.(ii) Cereals like wheat, rice, millets are mainly raised. This is practiced in most parts of India even today.3. Intensive Farming: (i) Intensive farming aims at maximum possible production on the limited farms with all efforts possible under thecircumstances.(ii) Intensive farming is capable of raising more than one crop a year.(iii) Huge capital and human labour is employed on every hectare of land.(iv) It is practiced in most parts of densely populated areas.4. Extensive Farming: (i) It is the modern system of farming done on large farms.(ii) It is also known as mechanical farming due to extensive use of machines.(iii) Extensive farm raises only one crop a year.(iv) Employment of labour and capital per hectare of land is comparatively less.(v) It is practiced in sparsely populated areas like USA, Canada, Russia and Australia.5. Plantation Agriculture: (i) In plantation agriculture, bush or tree farming is done on huge areas.(ii) It is capital-centered and needs good managerial ability, technical knowledge, improved machineries, fertilizers,irrigation and transport facilities.(iii) A particular or single sown crop like rubber, tea, coconut, coffee, cocoa, spices and fruit crops etc. is sown andthe yield is generally obtained continuously for a number of years.(iv) It is practiced in Kerala, Karnataka, Assam and Maharashtra.(v) Plantation agriculture requires a long growing period.