At what depth-shallow deep-will there be more primary productivity in a pond or a lake.
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1. Dissolved Oxygen Availability in ponds and lakes. Using the following diagram describe the effect that
each of the factors has on availability of oxygen and explain why.
A.Temperature- As the water gets warmer, less oxygen is able to be stored.
B. Light and Photosynthesis- The brighter the light, the more oxygen marine organisms can produce
C. Decomposition and Respiration- When organic materials decay, microbials consume oxygen
D. Mixing and Turbulence- Wave action, waterfalls and rapids aerate water an increase oxygen concentration.
E. Salinity- The saltier the ocean, the less oxygen can be stored in the ocean.
2. Productivity: Define each of these terms in your own words.
a. Primary productivity: The speed in which organisms release organic compounds after going through photosynthesis
b. Gross productivity: Photosynthetic production of organic compounds
c. Net productivity: Organic materials that remain after used in cellular respiration
3. Why do we use dissolved oxygen as a measure of productivity? Does productivity include more than oxygen?
It is the easiest thing to measure in respiration and photosynthesis. Productivity includes carbon dioxide.
4. Using the diagrams below explain:
a. How does putting a sample of pond water and algae/freshwater plants in the light enable us to measure gross productivity?
It enables us to measure oxygen after photosynthesis.
b. How does putting a sample of pond water and algae/freshwater plants in the dark enable us to measure respiration?
It enables us to measure oxygen after respiration
c. How does subtracting the two enable us to indirectly measure net productivity?
Subtracting respiration from photosynthesis enables us to measure the amount of oxygen left.
5. What are the three ways that primary productivity can be measured? Highlight the way will be
used in this lab?.
a. Amount of CO2 used
b. Rate of sugar formation
c. Rate of oxygen production
B. LAB PART 1: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON DISSOLVED OXYGEN
6. What is the relationship between water temperature and dissolved oxygen?
The higher the lower the water temperature, the more dissolved oxygen the water can hold
7. Explain why this relationship exists
Warmer water has molecules that move faster, which means the molecules can't hold
8. So, now explain why the fish in the aquarium (on the LabBench Web site) above the radiator died?
The water was hot, making the water have less oxygen, suffocating the fish.
C. A MODEL OF PRODUCTIVITY AS A FUNCTION OF DEPTH IN A LAKE
9. Why do we take an initial reading of dissolved oxygen? What purpose does this serve in the experiment?
We use initial reading because we can compare the change.
10. Click on the “closer look” magnifying glass on the “initial bottle”. Why does the animation show oxygen being diffusing out of the freshwater plants? What does this signify?
Oxygen is being released by the plant. It signifies photosynthesis.
11. Click on the “closer look” magnifying glass on the foil- covered bottle. Why does the animation show oxygen diffusing into the freshwater plants? What does this signify?
It shows diffusion because the plants are using the oxygen. It signifies respiration. The animation shows diffusion both into and out of the plants because oxygen is going both in and out of the plant. This signifies that the plant is going through both photosynthesis and respiration.
D. Analysis of Results
each of the factors has on availability of oxygen and explain why.
A.Temperature- As the water gets warmer, less oxygen is able to be stored.
B. Light and Photosynthesis- The brighter the light, the more oxygen marine organisms can produce
C. Decomposition and Respiration- When organic materials decay, microbials consume oxygen
D. Mixing and Turbulence- Wave action, waterfalls and rapids aerate water an increase oxygen concentration.
E. Salinity- The saltier the ocean, the less oxygen can be stored in the ocean.
2. Productivity: Define each of these terms in your own words.
a. Primary productivity: The speed in which organisms release organic compounds after going through photosynthesis
b. Gross productivity: Photosynthetic production of organic compounds
c. Net productivity: Organic materials that remain after used in cellular respiration
3. Why do we use dissolved oxygen as a measure of productivity? Does productivity include more than oxygen?
It is the easiest thing to measure in respiration and photosynthesis. Productivity includes carbon dioxide.
4. Using the diagrams below explain:
a. How does putting a sample of pond water and algae/freshwater plants in the light enable us to measure gross productivity?
It enables us to measure oxygen after photosynthesis.
b. How does putting a sample of pond water and algae/freshwater plants in the dark enable us to measure respiration?
It enables us to measure oxygen after respiration
c. How does subtracting the two enable us to indirectly measure net productivity?
Subtracting respiration from photosynthesis enables us to measure the amount of oxygen left.
5. What are the three ways that primary productivity can be measured? Highlight the way will be
used in this lab?.
a. Amount of CO2 used
b. Rate of sugar formation
c. Rate of oxygen production
B. LAB PART 1: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON DISSOLVED OXYGEN
6. What is the relationship between water temperature and dissolved oxygen?
The higher the lower the water temperature, the more dissolved oxygen the water can hold
7. Explain why this relationship exists
Warmer water has molecules that move faster, which means the molecules can't hold
8. So, now explain why the fish in the aquarium (on the LabBench Web site) above the radiator died?
The water was hot, making the water have less oxygen, suffocating the fish.
C. A MODEL OF PRODUCTIVITY AS A FUNCTION OF DEPTH IN A LAKE
9. Why do we take an initial reading of dissolved oxygen? What purpose does this serve in the experiment?
We use initial reading because we can compare the change.
10. Click on the “closer look” magnifying glass on the “initial bottle”. Why does the animation show oxygen being diffusing out of the freshwater plants? What does this signify?
Oxygen is being released by the plant. It signifies photosynthesis.
11. Click on the “closer look” magnifying glass on the foil- covered bottle. Why does the animation show oxygen diffusing into the freshwater plants? What does this signify?
It shows diffusion because the plants are using the oxygen. It signifies respiration. The animation shows diffusion both into and out of the plants because oxygen is going both in and out of the plant. This signifies that the plant is going through both photosynthesis and respiration.
D. Analysis of Results
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