at what velocity will any object move if an astronaut throw it in space? (answer this question correctly as this is an logical question)
Answers
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Newton’s Third Law states that for every force there is an equal and opposite reaction force. This is different from velocity.
Newton’s First Law states that force is equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration, or F=ma. Force and mass are directly proportional, meaning that if one increases, the other must also increase in order to keep the equality in the equation.
If we take the 3rd Law which says that the force on the object and the force on the astronaut are equal and opposite, we can set the two F=ma equations (one for the astronaut and one for the object) equal to each other.
In order to alleviate confusion in the next step, the mass and acceleration of the astronaut will be known as M1 and A1 and the mass and acceleration of the object shall be known as M2 and A2.
This makes:
(M1)(A1)=(M2)(A2)
With this equation, we can now answer your question. If the astronaut has more mass than the object, their acceleration must be smaller than the acceleration of the object to keep the equality. If the object is more massive than the astronaut, then the astronaut’s acceleration will be more than that of the object. The only case where the thrower will have the same acceleration as the object is when their masses are equal.
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gm❤