autobiography of abdul kalam
Answers
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ᴀᴠᴜʟ ᴘᴀᴋɪʀ ᴊᴀɪɴᴜʟᴀʙᴅᴇᴇɴ ᴀʙᴅᴜʟ ᴋᴀʟᴀᴍ 15 ᴏᴄᴛᴏʙᴇʀ 1931 – 27 ᴊᴜʟʏ 2015) ᴡᴀs ᴀɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪsᴛ ᴡʜᴏ sᴇʀᴠᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ 11ᴛʜᴘʀᴇsɪᴅᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ғʀᴏᴍ 2002 ᴛᴏ 2007. ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ʙᴏʀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴀɪsᴇᴅ ɪɴ ʀᴀᴍᴇsᴡᴀʀᴀᴍ, ᴛᴀᴍɪʟ ɴᴀᴅᴜ ᴀɴᴅ sᴛᴜᴅɪᴇᴅ ᴘʜʏsɪᴄs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴇʀᴏsᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴇɴɢɪɴᴇᴇʀɪɴɢ. ʜᴇ sᴘᴇɴᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇxᴛ ғᴏᴜʀ ᴅᴇᴄᴀᴅᴇs ᴀs ᴀ sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪsᴛ ᴀɴᴅ sᴄɪᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴀᴅᴍɪɴɪsᴛʀᴀᴛᴏʀ, ᴍᴀɪɴʟʏ ᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇғᴇɴᴄᴇ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴ (ᴅʀᴅᴏ) ᴀɴᴅ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴ (ɪsʀᴏ) ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀs ɪɴᴛɪᴍᴀᴛᴇʟʏ ɪɴᴠᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ɪɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ's ᴄɪᴠɪʟɪᴀɴ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴘʀᴏɢʀᴀᴍᴍᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍɪʟɪᴛᴀʀʏ ᴍɪssɪʟᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴇғғᴏʀᴛs. ʜᴇ ᴛʜᴜs ᴄᴀᴍᴇ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪssɪʟᴇ ᴍᴀɴ ᴏғ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ғᴏʀ ʜɪs ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ʙᴀʟʟɪsᴛɪᴄ ᴍɪssɪʟᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴀᴜɴᴄʜ ᴠᴇʜɪᴄʟᴇᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ.ʜᴇ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴘʟᴀʏᴇᴅ ᴀ ᴘɪᴠᴏᴛᴀʟ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ, ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ʀᴏʟᴇ ɪɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ's ᴘᴏᴋʜʀᴀɴ-ɪɪ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴀʀ ᴛᴇsᴛs ɪɴ 1998, ᴛʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ sɪɴᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴᴀʟ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴀʀ ᴛᴇsᴛ ʙʏ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ɪɴ 1974.
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ᴋᴀʟᴀᴍ ᴡᴀs ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ 11ᴛʜ ᴘʀᴇsɪᴅᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ɪɴ 2002 ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴏғ ʙᴏᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴜʟɪɴɢ ʙʜᴀʀᴀᴛɪʏᴀ ᴊᴀɴᴀᴛᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛʏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜᴇɴ-ᴏᴘᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴄᴏɴɢʀᴇss. ᴡɪᴅᴇʟʏ ʀᴇғᴇʀʀᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ "ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ's ᴘʀᴇsɪᴅᴇɴᴛ,ʜᴇ ʀᴇᴛᴜʀɴᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ʜɪs ᴄɪᴠɪʟɪᴀɴ ʟɪғᴇ ᴏғ ᴇᴅᴜᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴡʀɪᴛɪɴɢ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴜʙʟɪᴄ sᴇʀᴠɪᴄᴇ ᴀғᴛᴇʀ ᴀ sɪɴɢʟᴇ ᴛᴇʀᴍ. ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ᴀ ʀᴇᴄɪᴘɪᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ sᴇᴠᴇʀᴀʟ ᴘʀᴇsᴛɪɢɪᴏᴜs ᴀᴡᴀʀᴅs, ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʜᴀʀᴀᴛ ʀᴀᴛɴᴀ, ɪɴᴅɪᴀ's ʜɪɢʜᴇsᴛ ᴄɪᴠɪʟɪᴀɴ ʜᴏɴᴏᴜʀ.
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ᴡʜɪʟᴇ ᴅᴇʟɪᴠᴇʀɪɴɢ ᴀ ʟᴇᴄᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ ɪɴsᴛɪᴛᴜᴛᴇ ᴏғ ᴍᴀɴᴀɢᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ sʜɪʟʟᴏɴɢ, ᴋᴀʟᴀᴍ ᴄᴏʟʟᴀᴘsᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅɪᴇᴅ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴀɴ ᴀᴘᴘᴀʀᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴀʀᴅɪᴀᴄ ᴀʀʀᴇsᴛ ᴏɴ 27 ᴊᴜʟʏ 2015, ᴀɢᴇᴅ 83.
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ᴛʜᴏᴜsᴀɴᴅs ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅɪɴɢ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ-ʟᴇᴠᴇʟ ᴅɪɢɴɪᴛᴀʀɪᴇs ᴀᴛᴛᴇɴᴅᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴜɴᴇʀᴀʟ ᴄᴇʀᴇᴍᴏɴʏ ʜᴇʟᴅ ɪɴ ʜɪs ʜᴏᴍᴇᴛᴏᴡɴ ᴏғ ʀᴀᴍᴇsʜᴡᴀʀᴀᴍ, ᴡʜᴇʀᴇ ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ʙᴜʀɪᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ғᴜʟʟ sᴛᴀᴛᴇ ʜᴏɴᴏᴜʀs.....
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✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️✌️
ɪ ʜᴏᴘᴇ ʜᴇʟᴘ ᴜ ᴅᴇᴀʀ........
Answer:
ᴀᴠᴜʟ ᴘᴀᴋɪʀ ᴊᴀɪɴᴜʟᴀʙᴅᴇᴇɴ ᴀʙᴅᴜʟ ᴋᴀʟᴀᴍ 15 ᴏᴄᴛᴏʙᴇʀ 1931 – 27 ᴊᴜʟʏ 2015) ᴡᴀs ᴀɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪsᴛ ᴡʜᴏ sᴇʀᴠᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ 11ᴛʜᴘʀᴇsɪᴅᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ғʀᴏᴍ 2002 ᴛᴏ 2007. ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ʙᴏʀɴ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴀɪsᴇᴅ ɪɴ ʀᴀᴍᴇsᴡᴀʀᴀᴍ, ᴛᴀᴍɪʟ ɴᴀᴅᴜ ᴀɴᴅ sᴛᴜᴅɪᴇᴅ ᴘʜʏsɪᴄs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴇʀᴏsᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴇɴɢɪɴᴇᴇʀɪɴɢ. ʜᴇ sᴘᴇɴᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇxᴛ ғᴏᴜʀ ᴅᴇᴄᴀᴅᴇs ᴀs ᴀ sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪsᴛ ᴀɴᴅ sᴄɪᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴀᴅᴍɪɴɪsᴛʀᴀᴛᴏʀ, ᴍᴀɪɴʟʏ ᴀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇғᴇɴᴄᴇ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴ (ᴅʀᴅᴏ) ᴀɴᴅ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴ (ɪsʀᴏ) ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀs ɪɴᴛɪᴍᴀᴛᴇʟʏ ɪɴᴠᴏʟᴠᴇᴅ ɪɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ's ᴄɪᴠɪʟɪᴀɴ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ ᴘʀᴏɢʀᴀᴍᴍᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴍɪʟɪᴛᴀʀʏ ᴍɪssɪʟᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴇғғᴏʀᴛs. ʜᴇ ᴛʜᴜs ᴄᴀᴍᴇ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪssɪʟᴇ ᴍᴀɴ ᴏғ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ғᴏʀ ʜɪs ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏғ ʙᴀʟʟɪsᴛɪᴄ ᴍɪssɪʟᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴀᴜɴᴄʜ ᴠᴇʜɪᴄʟᴇᴛᴇᴄʜɴᴏʟᴏɢʏ.ʜᴇ ᴀʟsᴏ ᴘʟᴀʏᴇᴅ ᴀ ᴘɪᴠᴏᴛᴀʟ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ, ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ʀᴏʟᴇ ɪɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ's ᴘᴏᴋʜʀᴀɴ-ɪɪ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴀʀ ᴛᴇsᴛs ɪɴ 1998, ᴛʜᴇ ғɪʀsᴛ sɪɴᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴᴀʟ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴀʀ ᴛᴇsᴛ ʙʏ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ɪɴ 1974.
Explanation: