B. Answer the following questions.
1. Explain that India has a 'single integrated judiciary'.
2. Explain 'Rule of Law'.
3. What do you understand by the term 'Judicial Review'?
4. Explain 'Independence of the Judiciary'.
5. Write about the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
6. Why is the Supreme Court called the guardian of the Constitution?
Answers
Answer:
Answer 1: India has Single Integrated Judiciary System, which implies: India does not have separate laws for each state. ... The judiciary system consists of an Apex court, which is the Supreme Court of India, and different other High Courts and Lower Courts. The functioning of all the courts is controlled by the apex court.
Answer 2:In general, the rule of law implies that the creation of laws, their enforcement, and the relationships among legal rules are themselves legally regulated, so that no one—including the most highly placed official—is above the law.
Answer 3:Judicial review is a type of court proceeding in which a judge reviews the lawfulness of a decision or action made by a public body. In other words, judicial reviews are a challenge to the way in which a decision has been made, rather than the rights and wrongs of the conclusion reached.
Answer 4:judicial independence, the ability of courts and judges to perform their duties free of influence or control by other actors, whether governmental or private. The term is also used in a normative sense to refer to the kind of independence that courts and judges ought to possess.
Answer 5:The Supreme Court has original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction. ... The Supreme Court has been conferred with power to direct transfer of any civil or criminal case from one State High Court to another State High Court or from a Court subordinate to another State High Court.
Answer 6: The highest court in India, the Supreme Court is considered as the guardian of the Constitution. ... It upholds and uplifts the rule of law and also ensures and protects citizens' rights and liberties as given in the Constitution. Therefore, the Supreme Court is also known as the Guardian of the Constitution.
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