(b) Covert the following.
(i) Acetylne of ethanol
(ii) Methane tochloroform
(iii) Starch to ethanol
(iv)Acetone to iodoform
(v) Methanol with fehling solution (vi) Methyl magnesium iodide to acetic acid
Answers
Answer :in) Ethanol to but-1-ene ethanol CH 3 −CH 2 −OH +SOCl 2 Pyridine ethyl chloride CH 3 −CH 2 −Cl +SO 2 ↑+HCl↑ acetylene HC≡CH +NaNH 2 liq.NH 3 sodium acetylide HC≡C − Na + CH 3 −CH 2 −Cl+HC≡C − Na + → but−1−yne CH 3 −CH 2 −C≡CH +NaCl ii) Ethane to bromoethene ethane CH 3 −CH 3 +Br 2 UV light CH 3 −CH 2 Br alc.KOH −HBr CH 2 =CH 2 Br 2 Br−CH 2 −CH 2 −Br Br−CH 2 −CH 2 −Br alc.KOH −HBr bromoethene CH 2 =CHBr iii) Propene to 1-nitropropane propene CH 3 −CH=CH 2 +HBr Peroxide CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 Br AgNO 2 1−nitropropane CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 NO 2 +AgBr iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol toluene C 6 H 5 −CH 3 +Cl 2 UV light C 6 H 5 −CH 2 Cl NaOH benzyl alcohol C 6 H 5 −CH 2 OH +NaCl v) Propene to Propyne propene CH 3 −CH=CH 2 +Br 2 CCl 4 CH 3 −CH(Br)−CH 2 (Br) NaNH 2 liqNH 3 propyne CH 3 −C≡CH vi) Ethanol to ethyl fluoride ethyl alcohol CH 3 −CH 2 OH +HCl ZnCl 2 ethyl chloride CH 3 −CH 2 −Cl +H 2 O CH 3 CH 2 −Cl+AgF→ ethyl fluoride CH 3 −CH 2 −F (Swarts reaction) vii) Bromomthane to propanone bromomethane CH 3 −Br KCN CH 3 −CN CH 3 −Mg−Br CH 3 −CCH 3 =NMgBr hydrolysis propanone CH 3 −CO−CH 3 viii) But-1-ene to but-2-ene But−1−ene CH 3 −CH 2 −CH=CH 2 HBr Markownikoff ′ s rule CH 3 −CH 2 −CH(Br)−CH 3 alc.KOH −HBr but−2−ene CH 3 −CH=CH−CH 3 ix) 1-chlorobutane to n-octane Wurtz synthesis 1−chlorobutane 2CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 −CH 2 −Cl +2Na dry ether n−octane CH 3 −(CH 2 ) 6 −CH 3 +2NaCl x) Benzene to biphenyl benzene C 6 H 6 +Br 2 dark,Fe bromobenzene C 6 H 5 −Br Wurtz-Fittig reaction 2C 6 H 5 −Br+2Na dry ether biphenyl C 6 H 5 −C 6 H 5 +2NaBr
Search only for Answer i) Ethanol to but-1-yne ethanol CH 3 −CH 2 −OH +SOCl 2 Pyridine ethyl chloride CH 3 −CH 2 −Cl +SO 2 ↑+HCl↑ acetylene HC≡CH +NaNH 2 liq.NH 3 sodium acetylide HC≡C − Na + CH 3 −CH 2 −Cl+HC≡C − Na + → but−1−yne CH 3 −CH 2 −C≡CH +NaCl ii) Ethane to bromoethene ethane CH 3 −CH 3 +Br 2 UV light CH 3 −CH 2 Br alc.KOH −HBr CH 2 =CH 2 Br 2 Br−CH 2 −CH 2 −Br Br−CH 2 −CH 2 −Br alc.KOH −HBr bromoethene CH 2 =CHBr iii) Propene to 1-nitropropane propene CH 3 −CH=CH 2 +HBr Peroxide CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 Br AgNO 2 1−nitropropane CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 NO 2 +AgBr iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol toluene C 6 H 5 −CH 3 +Cl 2 UV light C 6 H 5 −CH 2 Cl NaOH benzyl alcohol C 6 H 5 −CH 2 OH +NaCl v) Propene to Propyne propene CH 3 −CH=CH 2 +Br 2 CCl 4 CH 3 −CH(Br)−CH 2 (Br) NaNH 2 liqNH 3 propyne CH 3 −C≡CH vi) Ethanol to ethyl fluoride ethyl alcohol CH 3 −CH 2 OH +HCl ZnCl 2 ethyl chloride CH 3 −CH 2 −Cl +H 2 O CH 3 CH 2 −Cl+AgF→ ethyl fluoride CH 3 −CH 2 −F (Swarts reaction) vii) Bromomthane to propanone bromomethane CH 3 −Br KCN CH 3 −CN CH 3 −Mg−Br CH 3 −CCH 3 =NMgBr hydrolysis propanone CH 3 −CO−CH 3 viii) But-1-ene to but-2-ene But−1−ene CH 3 −CH 2 −CH=CH 2 HBr Markownikoff ′ s rule CH 3 −CH 2 −CH(Br)−CH 3 alc.KOH −HBr but−2−ene CH 3 −CH=CH−CH 3 ix) 1-chlorobutane to n-octane Wurtz synthesis 1−chlorobutane 2CH 3 −CH 2 −CH 2 −CH 2 −Cl +2Na dry ether n−octane CH 3 −(CH 2 ) 6 −CH 3 +2NaCl x) Benzene to biphenyl benzene C 6 H 6 +Br 2 dark,Fe bromobenzene C 6 H 5 −Br Wurtz-Fittig reaction 2C 6 H 5 −Br+2Na dry ether biphenyl C 6 H 5 −C 6 H 5 +2NaBr