(b) Explain indoor and outdoor substation. I
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Indoor Substations:
In these substations, the apparatus is installed within the substation building. Such substations are usually for a voltage up to 11,000 V but can be erected for 33,000 V and 66,000 volts when the surrounding atmosphere is contaminated with impurities such as metal corroding gases and fumes, conductive dust etc. The switchgear on supply or primary side will consist of oil circuit breakers only.
The high voltage supply is given to the primary of the transformer through circuit breaker. From the bus-bar various feeders emerge out. The panel for each feeder consists of an isolator switch and circuit breaker. In addition to isolator and circuit breaker, the panel is provided with the measuring instruments. As regards protection of feeders usually reverse power relay is employed. For the protection of oil filled transformers with conservator tanks Buchholz’s relay is most common.