Question

(b) fill in the blanks using the correct options: (i) metals have ------ ionisation potential. (low/ high) (ii) group 18 elements have ------ valence electrons (4 / 8) with the exception of ---- ( he / ne) with -------- electrons (2 / 8) in valence shell. (iii) group 2 elements are called ----- metals (alkali / alkaline earth).

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Answer:

(b) fill in the blanks using the correct options:

(i) metals have  low  ionisation potential. (low/ high)

(ii) group 18 elements have  8 valence electrons (4 / 8) with the exception of   He  ( He / Ne) with   2 electrons (2 / 8) in valence shell.

(iii) group 2 elements are called alkaline earth metals (alkali / alkaline earth).

Explanation:

(i) Ionization energy is defined as "the energy needed to remove an electron from an isolated gaseous atom's outermost shell."

Metals: Metals are large-sized elements. Metals have vast sizes, and their outermost electrons are located far from the nucleus. Therefore, it encounters extremely little nuclear attraction. Due to minimal attraction, a gas atom in isolation needs very little energy to expel one electron from its outermost shell.

(ii) Noble or inert gases are the names for elements in group 18. They are referred to be inert because, unless extremely rare circumstances apply, they do not participate in any chemical reactions, making them chemically inert. They act as a transitional link between the strong electronegative elements of the VIIA group and the strong electropositive elements of the IA group in the periodic table due to their almost inert nature of reactivity. Except for Helium, which has two electrons in its outermost shell, every member of the 18th group has eight electrons in that shell.

(iii) Alkaline hydroxides are formed when alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra) combine with water . Therefore, when these alkaline earth metals react with water, they produce hydroxides that are naturally alkaline (or basic) (meaning the solution has a pH higher than 7). Additionally, their heat-stable oxide minerals (BeO, beryl, MgO, magnesite, etc.) are mostly found in the earth's crust. So, the group 2 elements are called called Alkaline Earth Metals