b. Geographical and reproductive
isolation of organisms gradual
leads to speciation
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Speciation is the formation of distinct species in the course of evolution.
It involves splitting of a single evolutionary lineage into two or more genetically independent lineages.
Speciation occurring due to geographic isolation of two population is known as Allotropic speciation.
It happens when a population is separated by mountains or land masses thus preventing crossbreed in between the two populations.
This leads to barriers to gene flow hence evolution occurs and thus speciation takes place.
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