b) (i) Define gravitational constant G.
(ii) How are g and G related ?
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(i) The gravitational constant is the proportionality constant used in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, and is commonly denoted by G. This is different from g, which denotes the acceleration due to gravity. In most texts, we see it expressed as: G = 6.673×10-11 N m2 kg-2.
(ii) Although there exists a formula to express the relation between g and G in physics. there is no correlation between acceleration due to gravity and universal gravitation constant, as the value of G is constant. The value of G is constant at any point in this universe. G and g are not dependent on each other.
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