B. Natural selection
Examples of natural selection
1. Industrial melanism:
Answers
Explanation:
Industrial melanism is a phenomenon that occurs when individuals within a species that have darker feathers, fur, or skin, become more prevalent in the population because they are at an advantage, given the soot and pollution in the industrialized area.
Industrial Melanism is an example of natural selection which occurred in the species of moths - BISTON BETULARIA
During 1850s before industrial revolution the collected moths were mostly white because the white ones could camouflage (hide because of their colour) themselves in the trees which had lichens.
[Remember - lichens are pollution indicators.
They don’t grow in polluted areas ]
While the black ones were killed by the predators.
In 1950s (after industrial revolution) the collected moths were mostly black because the black ones could camouflage themselves within the sooty black background of the trees.
The white ones were spotted and killed by the predators.