B. Short answer questions :
1. What is the composition of blood ?
2. What is pulmonary circulation ?
3. Define pulse and blood pressure.
4. What is blood transfusion ?
5. Why is blood group O called the universal donor?
6. Define vein.
7. What is the difference between plasma and serum ?
8. What is a sphygmomanometer?
9. Write the importance of blood transfusion.
10. What is sinuatrial node ?
Answers
Answer:
1.Ans:-Blood is a specialized body fluid. It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Blood has many different functions, including: transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues.
2.Ans:-The pulmonary circulation is the portion of the circulatory system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle of the heart. The term pulmonary circulation is readily paired and contrasted with the systemic circulation
3.Ans:-The bottom number (diastolic pressure) measures the pressure as the heart relaxes between beats. A blood pressure reading of 120/80 is considered normal. Heart rate, also called pulse, is the number of times your heart beats per minute.
4.Ans:-the process of putting new blood into a person’s body
5.Ans:-Type O-negative blood does not have any antigens. It is called the "universal donor" type because it is compatible with any blood type.
6.Ans:-one of the tubes which carry blood from all parts of your body to your heart
7.Ans:-Serum and plasma both come from the liquid portion of the blood that remains once the cells are removed, but that's where the similarities end. Serum is the liquid that remains after the blood has clotted. Plasma is the liquid that remains when clotting is prevented with the addition of an anticoagulant.
8Ans:-an instrument for measuring blood pressure, typically consisting of an inflatable rubber cuff which is applied to the arm and connected to a column of mercury next to a graduated scale, enabling the determination of systolic and diastolic blood pressure by increasing and gradually releasing the pressure in the cuff.
9.Ans:-People receive blood transfusions for many reasons — such as surgery, injury, disease and bleeding disorders. Blood has several components, including: Red cells carry oxygen and help remove waste products. White cells help your body fight infections.
10.Ans:-The SA (sinus) node represents a cluster of myocytes with pacemaker activity. Under normal circumstances, it generates electrical impulses that set the rhythm and rate of the heart. The mass of the sinus node is too small to create a substantial electrical signal that can be detected on the electrocardiogram (ECG).