(b) There is a difference in the
formation of the Meghalaya
Plateau and the Deccan Plateau.
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Answers
Meghalaya Plateau
Meghalaya plateau or Karbi- Meghalaya plateau is a part of the Deccan plateau of the southern peninsular plateau region. Situated in Northeast India covering the whole Indian state of Meghalaya and Karbianglong district of Assam.
The hard crystalline massif formation the core of the region is, in fact, an extension of the Deccan Plateau. The latter extends underground from the Rajmahal hills of Chotanagpur Plateau below Malda districts of West Bengal and Rajshahi, Dinajpur and Rangpur districts of Bangladesh and appears in Northeast above the surface as Meghalaya Plateau and Karbi Plateau or Mikir Hills.
Beautiful Meghalaya
Geography of the Meghalaya-Karibi Plateau
The Meghalaya-Karbi Plateau region extends from 250 05/ - 260 41/ N and 890 47/ – 930 36/ E. The Meghalaya plateau is traditionally divided into Garo, Khasi and Jaintia Hills.
The region from the river Dhansiri in the east to the Singimari River on the west is about 400 km long with an average width of about 40 km, covering about 35, 291 km2. It stands high above to the south of the Assam valley at an altitude varying between 610 m and 1,830 m.
The Karbi Plateau or Mikir Hills has comprised the Karbi and Rangma Hills. The Karbi Plateau is almost isolated from the Meghalaya plateau by age-long erosion of the headstreams of the Kopili and Dhansiri River.
Although a part of the Deccan Plateau, the Meghalaya-Karbi group of plateaus is topographically different from the former in that they present more a hilly character with hills, ranges, deep valleys and gorges.
Physiography of the Meghalaya Plateau
The physiographic characteristic of the region is remarkable due to the highly dissected and irregular terrain in the western and northern face in contrast to the regular and steep fall of the southern face, down to the Barak-Surma Plain through the faulted face.
The western part that is, the Garo Hills is an extensively dissected tract of 7769.9 km2 with an average elevation of 900 m or less. The Garo plateau rises to a distinct east-west range known as the Tura Range or Kylas range just south of Tura. This range higher than 1100m and reaches its highest point at Mount Norkrek (1529m).
To the east of the Garo Hills lie the higher Khasi Hills. This is the highest part of the Meghalaya Plateau with an average height of 1066 m. However, its central upland conversing am area of 1250 km2 is still higher and reaches a general height of 1400m.
There runs in this highland an east-west range known as the Shillong Range with its highest Shillong peak reaching 1961 m. The highest point in Meghalaya is Shillong Peak, in the Khasi Hills overlooking the city of Shillong
The easternmost part of the Meghalaya plateau is the Jaintia Hills. It consists of Jaintia Hills district of Meghalaya and Hamren Sub-Division of Karbi Anglong district of Assam and is bounded in the by Kapili River flowing to the plateau slopes down from Khasi hills from 1200 m to about 500 m in the east, the average height being 900 m and covering an area of 3790 km2.
The Karbi Plateau, which is the easternmost part of the north-eastward projection of Gondwanaland lies almost detached from the Meghalayan Plateau.
Deccan Plateau
The Deccan Plateau is an extremely large plateau located in Southern India. The plateau covers a vast majority of the Southern and central parts of the country. The plateau extends over eight separate Indian states, covering a wide range of habitats, and it is one of the longer plateaus in the world. Deccan’s average elevation is around 2,000 feet.
The word Deccan comes from the Sanskrit word of ‘Dakshina’, which means 'south'.
Location and Characteristics
The Deccan Plateau is located in Southern India in-between two mountain ranges: the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats. Each rise from their respective coasts and eventually converge to produce a triangle-shaped tableland atop the plateau.
The climate on some parts of the plateau, especially the Northern areas, is much drier than that of the nearby coastlands. These areas of the plateau are very arid, and do not see much rain for periods of time. Other areas of the plateau however are more tropical and have distinct, different wet and dry seasons. The river valley areas of the plateau tend to be densely populated, as there is ample access to water and the climate is conducive to living. On the other hand, the dry areas in-between the river valleys are often largely unsettled, as these areas can be too arid and dry.
The plateau has three principal rivers: the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Kaveri. These rivers flow from the Western Ghats on the western side of the plateau eastward toward the Bay of Bengal, which is the largest bay in the world.
Answer:
Here are a few points:
The Meghalaya Plateau makes a sudden slope towards the south as it comes in close contact with the Sylhet Plain of Bangladesh. The whole Deccan plateau slopes from west to east. ... The Deccan Plateau is flanked by the Satpura-Mahadev mountain ranges, Western Ghats, and the Ajanta mountain ranges.
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