Question

back ground of partition of bengal​

Answer 1

The Partition of Bengal was the decision of separating eastern parts of Bengal from rest of Bengal. It was announced on 19 July 1905 by the Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon. The reason given for the decision was that Bengal with a population of 78 million had become too big to be administered which was true to some extent, but the real motives behind the partition plan were the British desire to weaken Bengal, the nerve centre of Indian nationalism and divide the Muslims and Hindus on the basis of religion

Answer 2

Answer:

• Since 1765 (following the Battle of Buxar) the province of Bengal, which included present-day West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Bangladesh and Assam was under the British.

• It was a very large area and the population rose to almost 80 million by the first few years of the 20th century. Calcutta was the capital of the province and also of British India.

• There were difficulties in administering such a large area. The eastern part, especially in rural areas were neglected.

• That region was lacking in the fields of industry, education and employment. Much of the industry was centred on Calcutta.

• For administrative ease, the partition of the province had been proposed even before Curzon had arrived in India.

• In 1874, Assam was sliced away from Bengal and put under a Chief Commissioner.

• Initially, Lord Curzon proposed the partitioning of the province as an administrative measure solely. In 1904, he undertook a tour of eastern Bengal.

• The idea of using the Bengal partition as a political tool to undermine the growing nationalism in Bengal and other parts of India occurred later.

• As per Curzon, after the partition, the two provinces would be Bengal (including modern West Bengal, Odisha and Bihar) and Eastern Bengal and Assam.

• Bengal would also lose five Hindi-speaking states to the Central Provinces. It would gain Odia-speaking states from the Central Provinces.

• Eastern Bengal would consist of Hill Tripura, Chittagong, Rajshahi and Dhaka divisions. Its capital would be Dhaka.

• Bengal would have a Hindu majority and Eastern Bengal and Assam would have a Muslim majority population. Its capital would remain Calcutta.