bacteria are useful as well as harmful to us. explain by giving some examples??????
Answers
Food production : Lactobacillus bacteria helps in the fermentation and production of curd and cheese. Bacteria are also used in production of coffee , tea & cocoa beans . ... Escherichia coli bacteria is present in intestines of human and herbivores animals where they help in digestion of food.
Answer:
Uses of Bacteria :-
Fixation of Nitrogen :
Rhizobium bacteria changes the nitrogen of air into nitrate. This process is called fixation of Nitrogen. These bacteria live in the nodules of roots in leguminous plants like beans, peas and pulses etc.
Decay of plants and animals wastes :
Bacteria break-down the dead bodies of animals and plants by feeding on them and produce humus which helps to maintain the fertility of soil.
Food production :
Lactobacillus bacteria helps in the fermentation and production of curd and cheese. Bacteria are also used in production of coffee , tea & cocoa beans .
Digestion in animals :
Escherichia coli bacteria is present in intestines of human and herbivores animals where they help in digestion of food.
5. Industrial purposes :
Different kinds of Bacteria are used for industrial benefits . As they :
>> Helps to produce wine and vinegar.
>> Helps in making meat tender for tanning of skins to produce leather.
>> The linen threads are obtained from flax plant by a process called retting . Bacteria enter the stem of plant and destroy the stem tissue and loosen the fibres which are used for making threads.
>> Helps in production of some vitamins and antibiotics.
>> Helps in production of industrial chemicals and citric acids.
6. Bacteria play an important role in the field of genetic engineering. Diabetes is a disease in which the pancreas of the patient produces little or no insulin. Insulin made with the help of bacteria is used to treat diabetic patients.
Harmful Bacteria :-
Harmful Bacteria are mostly parasites. they can cause a large number of diseases both in animals and plants. Diseases caused in human are tuberculosis, Typhoid, Tetnaus, Whooping cough, cholera and leprosy.
It spoils the food, fruit , vegetables. It also spoils the milk by curdling it. Food spoiled by Bacteria develop foul smell and bad taste.