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How do urbanization and industrialization adversely affect the availability of water?
Answers
The following points may help you:
a. Water is available in abundance, around three fourth of earth is covered with water. However, only a small proportion of it actually accounts for fresh water which can be put to use rest is saline water not suitable for human consumption.
b. Water is a scarce resource and a life sustaining resource.
c. Water scarcity is the result of many factors, like industrialisation , urbanisation.
d. Post independence India pursued policy of rapid industrialisation to bring about growth and prosperity.
e. Rise of industrial units , their growing use of water became one of the factors for water scarcity.
f. Apart from that industries need electricity remain operational and carry out production, much of their energy needs come from hydroelectric power.
g. Industrialisation has also impacted the quality of water, Bad quality of water due to pollution, dumping of chemical and industrial waste, garbage dumping also accounts for shortage of water.
How have intensive industrialisation and urbanisation posed a great pressure on existing fresh water resources in 4ndia ? Explain with two examples for each
CBSE Class 10
CBSE Class 10 Social
prasanna
Jun '16
(i) Large scale industrialisation and urbanisation have posed a great pressure on existing fresh water resources as many multinational companies are being set up in India who are the heavy consumers of water for processing, discharge of effluents and as an energy resource.
(ii) Hydroelectricity contributes 22% of total electricity produced in India. These industrial units have not only posed a great threat to the availability of fresh water resources but also contributed to bad quality of water with large growing number of urban centres and population.
(iii) Modern lifestyle of the urban people has created more demand for water both for domestic purposes and increased consumption of energy.
(iv) In housing colonies to meet the needs of population, water resources are over-exploited resulting in depletion of ground water resources.
(v) Fresh water needs to be protected from industrial pollution and wastage of water in cities