Behavioral and Situational theory of leadership.
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The behavioral approach to leadership focuses on how a leader interacts with followers in different situations. Three major studies have been done on the behavioral approach. First, a study was done by The Ohio State University; then by The University of Michigan; and finally by Blake and Mouton. The researchers in each study used different terminology, but all three studies similarly describe behaviors of leaders as either task behaviors or relationship behaviors (Northouse 2016).
The first major study was done in the late 1940s by researchers at The Ohio State University. The researchers at OSU based their research on information provided by Stogdil that suggested leadership was based on more than the traits of a leader. Researchers at OSU created the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ), which originally had 150 questions. The researchers gave the LBDQ to followers to determine the type of leadership their leaders used. The followers who received the LBDQ were in educational, military, and industrial settings. After analyzing the results it was determined by the OSU researchers that leadership behavior primarily involved leaders “initiating structure” or “consideration”
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