Question

Bentham and Kant agree on which of the following?

Answer 1

which ?

Explanation:

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Answer 2

a) Pleasure is the only thing that is good without qualification.

b) Individual rights limit what can be done in the name of maximizing aggregate happiness.

c) The good will is the only thing that is good without qualification.

d) Maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain is all that matters, morally speaking.

e) Morality constrains individual self-interest.

Answer: b) Individual rights limit what can be done in the name of maximizing aggregate happiness.

Explanation:

• Bentham developed a theory ("consequentialist utilitarian theory") that evaluates the moral correctness of a choice depending on an outcome, while Kant developed a theory ("deontological moral duty theory") that evaluates the moral correctness of an action independent of its consequences.
• Bentham tells us that moving from one individual's complete happiness and sadness to the overall joy or suffering of all the individuals of the group put together is important. In the other hand, Kant implies that our acts can only be governed by obligation and law, as implications are outside our grasp. Kant 's ethics philosophy is known as Kantian ethics and is deontological since deontology is the normative role of ethics which judges the ethics of an operation on the basis of the rule enforcement of an action.
• In fact, Bentham would first take into account the consequences of all acts to determine whether each action induces pleasure or suffering, while Kant would consider perform the act & decide whether this action is moral "right" or "wrong." The theory of Bentham only recognises the best possible happiness induced by a positive act. Kant would not find it worthwhile to entirely disregard the effect of a moral act, since we will still have more than one responsibility or obligation to undertake
• However, both "Bentam & Kantian theory (deontological ethics) are universal moral theories and they both rely on the "use of reason".  That is, one thing in common, is that "Individual rights "restrict" "what can be done" in the "name of maximising" "aggregate happiness"

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