Question

भारतातील नागरीकरण यष्ट करा
नागरीकरणाच्या समस्या भारतातील इतर कोणत्याही राज्यापेक्षा महाराष्ट्रात अधिक तीव्रतेने जाणवतात. याचे कारण नागरी लोकवस्तीचे एकूण लोकसंख्येशी असणारे प्रमाण महाराष्ट्रात इतर कोणत्याही राज्यापेक्षा अधिक आहे. भारतातील नागरी लोकवस्ती शेकडा सु. २० आहे. तर महाराष्ट्राच्या लोकसंख्येपैकी ३१·१७% लोक नागरी वस्तीत आढळतात. महानगरपालिका व नगरपालिका क्षेत्रांत राहणारी महाराष्ट्राची लोकवस्ती सु. १·५ कोटी आहे. यापैकी ४०% लोक मुंबई महानगरपालिका क्षेत्रात व १६% लोक इतर चार महानगरपालिका क्षेत्रांत (पुणे, नागपूर, सोलापूर व कोल्हापूर) आढळतात. उरलेली ४४% नागरी लोकवस्ती २२१ नगरपरिषदा क्षेत्रांत विभागली गेली आहे. खोपोली–कुलाबा जिल्हा आणि पिंपरी–चिंचवड (पुणे जिल्हा) ह्या नवीननवीन नगरांकरिता प्रस्थापित केलेल्या नगरपरिषदा आणि पुणे, खडकी, देवळाली, देहूरोड, अहमदनगर, कामठी व औरंगाबाद येथील लष्करी छावण्या हे विभागही नागरी क्षेत्रात येतात. मुंबईवरील ताण कमी करण्यासाठी ठाणे खाडीच्या पलीकडे एका नव्या नगरीची स्थापना करणे, काही नवीन नगरे प्रस्थापित करणे, सध्याच्या उपनगरांची प्रमाणशीर वाढ करणे, आसमंतातील खेड्यापाड्यांची सुधारणा करणे वगैरे प्रस्तावांचा मुंबई महानगर प्रादेशिक योजनेमध्ये समावेश असून ही योजना वेगाने राबविली जात आहे. नव्या मुंबईच्या स्थापनेची योजना कार्यान्वित करण्याची जबाबदारी महाराष्ट्र शासनाने सिकॉमचाच एक भाग असलेल्या ‘सिडको’ ह्या यंत्रणेकडे सोपविली आहे. पाचव्या पंचवार्षिक योजनेच्या कालावधीत पाच प्रादेशिक योजना तयार करावयाचे काम हाती घेण्यात आले असून, त्या योजना अशा : (१) औरंगाबाद–जालना प्रदेश, (२) जळगाव–भुसावळ–वरणगाव प्रदेश, (३) कोपरगाव–श्रीरामपूर–राहुरी प्रदेश, (४) अलिबाग–चिपळूण प्रदेश व (५) रत्नागिरी–मालवण प्रदेश. केवळ मुंबईचीच नव्हे तर नागपूर, पुणे, सोलापूर, कोल्हापूर, औरंगाबाद, धुळे, नासिक, अमरावती व मालेगाव या शहरांचीही लोकवस्ती झपाट्याने वाढत असून नागरीकरणाचे दुष्परिणाम सर्वत्र दृष्टीस पडू लागले आहेत. त्यांवर इलाज करण्याइतके आर्थिक पाठबळ स्थानिक संस्थांजवळ नाही. तेव्हा नागरी विकासासाठी आर्थिक साहाय्याच्या नवीन योजना आणि पद्धती अंमलात आणण्याची कितपत गरज आहे, हे अजमाविण्यासाठी महाराष्ट्र शासनाने एक समिती नेमली आहे. नागरी क्षेत्रांच्या गरजा आणि त्यांची आर्थिक परिस्थिती यांचाही समितीने विचार करावयाचा आहे.​

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