Bharat Engineering Works specializes in the installation of heating and air conditioning equipment in a metropolitan area of about one million people. Although the company usually installs nationally known equipment, it engages in limited manufacturing of certain components needed for commercial installations. Since it was established about forty years ago, the company has earned a reputation for quality work. Mr. Kumar has been with the company as sales representatives for two years. During this period he believes that the company has missed a number of opportunities to obtain lucrative contracts because of the conditions under which he is forced to operate. Particularly in the case of commercial installations, he does not have the authority to make any decision or commitments during preliminary contract negotiations. He has to postpone discussion of price, completion time and credit terms until after each of the technical experts in these areas has studied the job and made formal commitments. By this time, a competing firm already completes negotiations and gets the contract. Mr. Kumar consider this a continuing problem, and feels hampered. Q1. Discuss the problems mentioned in the case.
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Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)[1] is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. "Refrigeration" is sometimes added to the field's abbreviation, as HVAC&R or HVACR or "ventilation" is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers).
Rooftop HVAC unit with view of fresh air intake vent
Ventilation duct with outlet diffuser vent. These are installed throughout a building to move air in or out of rooms.
The control circuit in a household HVAC installation. The wires connecting to the blue terminal block on the upper-right of the board lead to the thermostat. The fan enclosure is directly behind the board, and the filters can be seen at the top. The safety interlock switch is at the bottom left.
HVAC is an important part of residential structures such as single family homes, apartment buildings, hotels and senior living facilities, medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and hospitals, vehicles such as cars, trains, airplanes, ships and submarines, and in marine environments, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.
Ventilating or ventilation (the "V" in HVAC) is the process of exchanging or replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality which involves temperature control, oxygen replenishment, and removal of moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria, carbon dioxide, and other gases. Ventilation removes unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduces outside air, keeps interior building air circulating, and prevents stagnation of the interior air.
Ventilation often refers to the intentional delivery of the outside air to the building indoor environment. It is one of the most important factors for maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in buildings. Methods for ventilating a building are divided into mechanical/forced and natural types.[2]
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