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भूतकाल (Past Tense)
In Hindi, past tenses are of 6 types:
1. सामान्य भूत (Past Indefinite Tense)
The past indefinite tense describe completion of an action that took place in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई। (I ate sweets.)
2. आसन्न भूत (Recent Past Tense)
The recent Past tense describe completion of an action that took place over a period of time in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई है। (I have eaten sweets.)
3. पूर्ण भूत (Past Perfect Tense)
The past perfect tense is used to indicate that an action occurred before another action in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई थी। (I had eaten sweets.)
4. अपूर्ण भूत (Past Continuous Tense)
The past continuous tense is used to indicate an ongoing action occurring in the past.
Example: मैं मिठाई खा रहा था। (I had been eating sweet.)
5. संदिग्ध भूत (Doubtful Past Tense or Presumptive Perfect)
The doubtful past tense or presumptive perfect is used to indicate an action which might have or might have not occurred in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई होगी। (I might have eaten sweets.)
6. हेतुहेतुमद भूत (Conditional Past Tense)
The conditional past tense is used to indicate occurrence of an action if certain condition would have met in the past.
Example: अगर में भूका होता तो मैंने मिठाई खाई होती। (If I had hunger I would have eaten sweets)
7. अभ्यस्त भूत (Habitual Past Tense)
The habitual past tense is used to indicate regular occurrence of an certain action in the past.
Example: मैं मिठाई खाया करता था। or मैं मिठाई ख़ाता था। (I used to eat sweets.)
In Hindi, past tenses are of 6 types:
1. सामान्य भूत (Past Indefinite Tense)
The past indefinite tense describe completion of an action that took place in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई। (I ate sweets.)
2. आसन्न भूत (Recent Past Tense)
The recent Past tense describe completion of an action that took place over a period of time in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई है। (I have eaten sweets.)
3. पूर्ण भूत (Past Perfect Tense)
The past perfect tense is used to indicate that an action occurred before another action in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई थी। (I had eaten sweets.)
4. अपूर्ण भूत (Past Continuous Tense)
The past continuous tense is used to indicate an ongoing action occurring in the past.
Example: मैं मिठाई खा रहा था। (I had been eating sweet.)
5. संदिग्ध भूत (Doubtful Past Tense or Presumptive Perfect)
The doubtful past tense or presumptive perfect is used to indicate an action which might have or might have not occurred in the past.
Example: मैंने मिठाई खाई होगी। (I might have eaten sweets.)
6. हेतुहेतुमद भूत (Conditional Past Tense)
The conditional past tense is used to indicate occurrence of an action if certain condition would have met in the past.
Example: अगर में भूका होता तो मैंने मिठाई खाई होती। (If I had hunger I would have eaten sweets)
7. अभ्यस्त भूत (Habitual Past Tense)
The habitual past tense is used to indicate regular occurrence of an certain action in the past.
Example: मैं मिठाई खाया करता था। or मैं मिठाई ख़ाता था। (I used to eat sweets.)
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