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Investigation Research A criminal investigator can be described as an individual who collects, records, and analyzes evidence and information related to a criminal offense. The main goal of criminal investigation is to discover the truth regarding the events and processes that contributed to the occurrence of a criminal offense. Generally, the investigative process has four major objectives i.e. establishing the occurrence of an offense, determining and arresting the suspect, recovering stolen property, and facilitating the prosecution of those involved in the offense. Criminal investigation is a profession or practice that has evolved considerably over time due to numerous efforts to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement. The evolution of criminal investigation research is linked to the history and development of criminal investigation.
History of Criminal Investigation The history of criminal investigation can be traced back to the 18th Century in England during a period characterized by considerable political, economic, and social changes (Swanson, Chamelin, Territo & Taylor, 2012, p.2). These various changes were crucial to the development of the first contemporary detective force known as Bow Street Runners.