Question

biography in tabular form
of mahatma gandhi​

Answer 1

    ★ Mahatma Gandhi ★

Who Was Mahatma Gandhi ?

Mahatma Gandhi was the leader of India’s nonviolent independence movement against British rule and in South Africa who advocated for the civil rights of Indians. Born in Ports near, India, Gandhi studied law and organized boycotts against British institutions in peaceful forms of civil disobedience. He was killed by a fanatic in 1948

Early life and Education :-

• Indian nationalist leader Gandhi (born Mohandas Kara chan's Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869, in Ports near, Kathiawar, India, which was then part of the British Empire.
• Gandhi’s father, Kara chan's Gandhi, served as a chief minister in Ports near and other states in western India. His mother, Put ibis, was a deeply religious woman who fasted regularly.
• Young Gandhi was a shy, unremarkable student who was so timid that he slept with the lights on even as a teenager. In the ensuing years, the teenager rebelled by smoking, eating meat and stealing change from household servants.
• Although Gandhi was interested in becoming a doctor, his father hoped he would also become a government minister and steered him to enter the legal profession. In 1888, 18-year-old Gandhi sailed for London, England, to study law. The young Indian struggled with the transition to Western culture.
• Upon returning to India in 1891, Gandhi learned that his mother had died just weeks earlier. He struggled to gain his footing as a lawyer. In his first courtroom case, a nervous Gandhi blanked when the time came to crossed a mine a witness. He immediately fled the courtroom after reimbursing his client for his legal fees.

Satyagraha :-

• In 1906, Gandhi organized his first mass civil a disobedience campaign, which he called “Satyagraha” (“truth and firmness”), in reaction to the South African Transvaal government’s new restrictions on the rights of Indians, including the refusal to recognize Hindu marriages.
• After years of protests, the government imprisoned hundreds of Indians in 1913, including Gandhi. Under pressure, the South African government accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts that included recognition of Hindu marriages and the abolition of a poll tax for India.

Gandhi and the Salt March :-

• Gandhi returned to active politics in 1930 to protest Britain’s Salt Acts, which not only prohibited Indians from collecting or selling salta dietary staples but imposed a heavy tax that hit the country’s poorest particularly hard. Gandhi planned a new Satyagraha campaign, The Salt March, that entailed a 390-kilometer/240-mile march to the Arabian Sea, where he would collect salt in symbolic defiance of the government monopoly.
• “My ambition is no less than to convert the British people through nonviolence and thus make them see the wrong they have done to India,” he wrote days before the march to the British viceroy, Lord Irwin.
• Wearing a homespun white shawl and sandals and carrying a walking stick, Gandhi set out from his religious retreat in Sambar at on March 12, 1930, with a few dozen followers. By the time he arrived 24 days later in the coastal town of Dandies, the ranks of the marchers swelled, and Gandhi broke the law by making salt from evaporated seawater.
• The Salt March sparked similar protests, and mass civil disobedience swept across India. Approximately 60,000 Indians were jailed for breaking the Salt Acts, including Gandhi, who was imprisoned in May 1930.
• Still, the protests against the Salt Acts elevated Gandhi into a transcendent figure around the world. He was named Time magazine’s “Man of the Year” for 1930.
• Gandhi was released from prison in January 1931, and two months later he made an agreement with Lord Irwin to end the Salt Satyagraha in exchange for concessions that included the release of thousands of political prisoners. The agreement, however, largely kept the Salt Acts intact. But it did give those who lived on the coasts the right to harvest salt from the sea.