Biological organisation starts with?
Answers
Biological organisation starts with submicroscopic molecular level, where four types of molecules, called carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acid are organised into organelles of cell.
How does biological organisation begin at submicroscopic molecular level?
All the living things are based on cell and all cells are alive because of biomolecular interactions. Starting from the gene transcription to responding to extracellular signals via membrane receptor; everything relies on interactions. This interactions can be strong or weak, also it can be transient or permanent. Based on the strength and extent of interaction, biomolecules functions. Although biological system seems to run on an orderly fashion, but in real it is chaotic or rather say stochastic.
All these interactions are based on weak interacting forces like van der wall force, hydrophobic interaction, ionic bonds, electrostatic forces etc. All this interactions together govern the biological organization. A protein folding is largely based on hydrophobicity of the amino acids that repels non-polar aminoacids from watery environment to make a hydrophobic core. Protein protein interaction could be dipolar interaction or hydrophobic interaction. DNA-protein interaction is generally electrostatic interaction or dipolar interactions or dispersion forces. Every thing that is happening within a cell is governed by this physical forces on a molecular level.
(A fun fact: no two atoms ever touches each other as the outer electron cloud repels each other, so no two molecules ever makes any contact. So basically there is always an empty space between two interacting molecules. So two cells can come very close but can never contact. Its the extent of forces that generate the response. So we all are basically hovering on the ground.)