Question

BIOLOGY - THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE-Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane get synthesized?​

Answer 1

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★ Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane get synthesized?

→ Lipids are synthesized in Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).

→ Proteins are synthesized in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).

★ What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

→ The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a membranous organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.

→ The main function of the SER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.

→ The SER also regulates and releases calcium ions and processes toxins.

→ It is described as smooth to distinguish it from RER which has ribosomes for protein synthesis on its surface.

★ What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?

→ The Rough endoplasmic reticulum is basically a series of connected flattened sacs part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins.

→ Basically the main functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is to produce and process specific proteins.

→ These are the exported through the secretory pathway.

→ After they are exported via membrane vesicles they can be sent to the Golgi Apparatus to be further processed or to organelles.

Answer 2

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Lipids are synthesized in smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Protiens are synthesized in rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Explore More:-

• K.R.Porter coined the term endoplasmic reticulum.

• It is present only in Eukaryotic cells as a reticulum of time need to be there was just started in the cytoplasm .

• Endoplasmic reticulum divides the intracellular space into two distinct compartments namely Luminal and Non.Luminal space.

• Based on the presence or absence of ribosomes on the outer surface Endoplasmic reticulum and each of two types

1)Smooth endoplasmic reticulum:-

• Ribosomes are not present.
• More common in cells which involves in lipids synthesise.
• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is not a continuous extension .
• Lipid like steroidal hormones are synthesized in smooth endoplasmic reticulum of animal cell .

2)Rough Endoplasmic reticulum:-

• Ribosomes are present on the surface.
• More common in cells which are actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion .
• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is extensive and continuous between outer membrane of nucleus to the cell membrane .
• Lipids like steroidal hormones are not synthesized .