Bond angle in h2o molecule is 104.5. Why?
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These two lone pairs push the 2 hydrogens down because of electron repulsion. So the angle between the two hydrogens is less than 109.5. It is 104.5 because there are two lone pairs which is a lot of repulsion compared to only 1 lone pair.
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Though the hybridization of Oxygen is sp3 , the shape is not tetrahedral and bond angle is not equal to 109.5° . This is because in H2O, Oxygen has two lone pair and due to the presence of two lone pair on oxygen, the geometry of H2O changes and it becomes bent shape The bond angle reduce to 104.5° as the two lone pair repel each other and repulsion between them is more than repulsion between bond pairs.
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