Question

Bond angle of PH₃ is less than that of nh3 why

Answer 1

This question can be explained using the concept of hybrid orbitals... Since nitrogen’s orbital as of similar size (2s 2p)and of similar energy they can hybrize to form a new set of hybrid orbitals.. these orbitals are arranged in the form of a tetrahedron (sp3) which means the bond angle show be 109. 5 but due to lone pair bond pair repulsions it is pushed to an angle around 107. 5.. H2O has the similar arrangement of hybrid orbitals but it has 2 lone pairs hence its angle is around 104.5

Now let us look at H2S and PH3 …as we know S and P are in the 3rd period so the energies between the s and p orbitals are a bit different..so they dont hybrise .Therefore in these compounds pure atomic orbitals are used to bond which results in angles close to 90


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