Bones are hard and rigid structures, which provide the shape and structure to our body. How are movements possible by our body? (mention about cartilage too)
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Answer:
We are able to move because attached to our skeleton (or skeletal system) is our muscular system! When these two systems work together, they make up the musculoskeletal system. The muscular system is made up of muscles, joints, tendons, and ligaments
Bones provide support for our bodies and help form our shape. Although they're very light, bones are strong enough to support our entire weight.
Bones also protect the body's organs. The skull protects the brain and forms the shape of the face. The spinal cord, a pathway for messages between the brain and the body, is protected by the backbone, or spinal column. The ribs form a cage that shelters the heart and lungs, and the pelvis helps protect the bladder, part of the intestines, and in women, the reproductive organs.
Bones are made up of a framework of a protein called collagen, with a mineral called calcium phosphate that makes the framework hard and strong. Bones store calcium and release some into the bloodstream when it's needed by other parts of the body. The amounts of some vitamins and minerals that you eat, especially vitamin D and calcium, directly affect how much calcium is stored in the bones.
Bones are made up of two types of bone tissues:
- Compact bone is the solid, hard outside part of the bone. It looks like ivory and is extremely strong. Holes and channels run through it, carrying blood vessels and nerves.
- Cancellous (KAN-suh-lus) bone, which looks like a sponge, is inside compact bone. It is made up of a mesh-like network of tiny pieces of bone called trabeculae (truh-BEH-kyoo-lee). This is where bone marrow is found.
Hyaline, or articular, cartilage covers the ends of bones to create a low-friction environment and cushion at the joint surface. When cartilage in the joint is healthy, it effectively allows fluid bending/straightening motions and protects the joint against weight-bearing stresses.
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