Both corpus luteum and macula lutea are (a) found in human ovaries (b) a source of hormones
Answers
Answer:
During luteal phase of ovarian cycle, the ovulated Graafian follicle is differentiated into corpus luteum under influence of LH. Thus, corpus luteum is present in ovary.
Macula lutea is the central region of retina of human eye, which is characterized by presence of cone cells in fovea centralis. This makes option A incorrect.
Corpus luteum secretes estrogens, progesterone and relaxin hormones but macula lutea is not a secretory structure; option B is incorrect. Since the first studied corpus luteum, Cow’s corpus luteum, is a yellow colored structure, hence the name “yellow body” is given to corpus lutem. Human’s corpus luteum is cream coloured.
Macula lutea represents yellowish area in the central region of the retina. This makes option C correct. If fertilization is followed by implantation, the placental hormone human chorionic gonadotropin maintains the corpus luteum which in turn continues to secrete progesterone and estrogens. Higher blood levels of progesterone maintain the uterine endometrium and inhibit menses. Lower levels of progesterone can cause abortion/miscarriage due to disintegration of endometrium, which means that corpus luteum is necessary to maintain pregnancy. Macula lutea is retinal structure and do not contribute in reproductive events.
So, the correct answer is 'Characterised by a yellow colour'