bradley's determination of the speed of light
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In 1728 James Bradley, an English physicist, estimated the speed of light in vacuum to be around 301,000 km/s. He used stellar aberration to calculate the speed of light. Stellar aberration causes the apparent position of stars to change due to the motion of Earth around the sun. Stellar aberration is approximately the ratio of the speed that the earth orbits the sun to the speed of light. He knew the speed of Earth around the sun and he could also measure this stellar aberration angle. These two facts enabled him to calculate the speed of light in vacuum.
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The English astronomer James Bradley measured the speed of light to be just over 300,000 km/s in 1728. Bradley was the first to measure how stars appear to change in position as the angle of the Earth changes during its orbit of the Sun.
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