brainliest !! - BRIEF NOTE ON : BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS
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Biotechnology products
1. Presentation on: Introduction To Biological Products, Biotechnological Products & Their Applications Presented to: Dr. Aun Presented by: Zahra Naz------------------------BS-BT-04
2. BS-Biotechnology (5th semester) Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
3. Zahra Naz Roll No. 04 Biological Products Biotechnological Products Proteins
4. Biological Products (Biogenic Compounds) “Substance Produced By A Living Organism” e.g. by Human/Animal Tissue Or from Microbes Examples: Blood, Toxins Or Anti-toxin, Vaccine. Types: Four Main Types Of Biological Molecules Are: a) Carbohydrates b) Proteins c) Lipids d) Nuclei Acids
5. Carbohydrates The most abundant biological molecules Carbon compounds containing large quantities of hydroxyl groups Energy rich compounds Have a variety of important functions (structural, nutritional , informational) in living systems
6. Lipids Carbon containing ,non -polar bio-molecules The most energy rich bio-molecules Functionally much important as insulators, structural components, energy storage ,etc.
7. Proteins Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur Almost half of a cell consists of proteins Serve as structural components, control molecules (enzymes), transport and messenger molecules in animals
8. Nucleic Acids Large biological molecules, essential for all known forms of life Store information for cellular growth and reproduction Not a energy source like carbohydrates, proteins and lipids These are of two types: a) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b) ribonucleic acid (RNA)
9. Sources of nucleic acids
10. Biotechnology “The Controlled Use Of Biological Agents, Such As Microorganisms Or Cellular Components.” (US-National Science Foundation) Biotechnology Products “Products Which are Manufactured By Recombinant DNA Technology(Produced By Biotechnology)” Examples: a) Antibiotics b) Vaccines c) Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s) d) Transgenic Plants e) Beverages ,etc.
11. Antibiotics Medicines which are useful against bacterial actions and are obtained from living organisms Vaccines Weakened or dead microbes for inoculation in the body to produce immunity against the infection that respective healthy microbe can cause
12. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO’s) Organisms with modified genetic material or organisms with foreign DNA. Types: Genetically Modified Animals Genetically Modified Bacteria Genetically Modified Plants Genetically Modified Flowers
13. Genetically Modified Fruit Genetically Modified Flower Genetically Modified Bacteria Genetically Modified Animal
14. Cloned Animals Animals which have same characteristics as that of their parents Dolly sheep
15. Confectionery Industry
16. Hormones Vitamins Artificial Organs
17. Proteins
18. Characteristics of Proteins Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur Serve as structural components of animals Basic building block is the amino acid Serve as control molecules (enzymes) Serve as transport and messenger molecules
19. Levels of Organization Primary structure Amino acid sequence of the protein Secondary structure -H bonds in the peptide chain backbone --helix and -sheets Tertiary structure Non-covalent interactions between the R groups within the protein Quanternary structure Interaction between 2 polypeptide chains
20. Types of Proteins Globular Proteins – most of what we have dealt with so far – Compact shape like a ball with irregular surfaces – Enzymes are globular Fibrous Proteins – usually span a long distance in the cell – 3-D structure is usually long and rod shaped – Keratin
21. Functions Make up about 15% of the cell Have many functions in the cell – Enzymes – Structural – Transport – Motor – Storage – Signaling – Receptors – Gene regulation – Special functions