Branches of thermodynamics in physics which is in syllabus of 12th
Answers
Answer:
In physics, thermodynamics deals with temperature, heat and their relation to energy, radiation, work, and properties of matter. The energy can be of any forms such as electrical, mechanical, or chemical energy. William Thomson coined the term thermodynamics in 1749. It is derived from two Greek words “thermes” meaning heat, and “dynamikos” meaning powerful.
When we say the word dynamic we think of motion or movement and energy. Thus, the term thermodynamics means heat movement or heat flow.
Explanation:
What is Thermodynamics?
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics which is concerned with the relationship between other forms of energy and heat. To be specific, it explains how thermal energy is converted to or from other forms of energy and how matter is affected by this process. Thermal energy is the energy that comes from heat. This heat is generated by the movement of tiny particles within an object. The faster these particles move, the more heat is generated.
Thermodynamics Timeline
Thermodynamics has many sections under it and is considered as a broad subject because it deals with topics that exist all around us and thus classification becomes necessary.
Thermodynamics Timeline
Classical Thermodynamics – In this section, the behaviour of matter is analyzed with a macroscopic approach. Units such as temperature and pressure are taken into consideration which helps the individuals to calculate other properties and to predict the characteristics of the matter that is undergoing the process.
Statistical Thermodynamics – In this section, every molecule is under the spotlight i.e. the properties of each and every molecule and ways in which they interact are taken into consideration to characterize the behaviour of a group of molecules.
Pure Component Thermodynamics – As the name itself states, this section tries to describe the behaviour of a system that has an unadulterated or pure constituent.
Solution Thermodynamics – This section attempts to describe the behaviour of a system that contains more than one chemical in the mixture.
Laws of Thermodynamics
The laws of thermodynamics define the fundamental physical quantities like energy, temperature and entropy that characterise thermodynamic systems at thermal equilibrium. The laws represent how these quantities behave under various circumstances. The four laws of thermodynamics are given below:
To learn in details about all the laws of thermodynamics visit the links given below.
Zeroth Law Of Thermodynamics
Second Law Of Thermodynamics
First Law Of Thermodynamics
Third Law Of Thermodynamics
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
The Zeroth Law is the basis for the measurement of temperature. It states that “two bodies which are in thermal equilibrium with a third body are in thermal equilibrium with each other.”
First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law of thermodynamics which is also known as the conservation of energy principle states that “energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another.” This law may seem abstract but if we look at a few examples of the first law of thermodynamics, we will get a clearer idea.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
The second law of thermodynamics states that “Energy in the form of heat only flows from regions of higher temperature to that of lower temperature”. Many individuals take this statement lightly and for granted, but it has an extensive impact and consequence. This is why it costs money to run an air conditioner. The human body obeys the second law of thermodynamics too.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
The Third Law states, “The entropy of a perfect crystal is zero when the temperature of the crystal is equal to absolute zero (0 K).” Entropy is sometimes called “waste energy,” i.e., the energy that is unable to do work, and since there is no heat energy whatsoever at absolute zero, there can be no waste energy.