breast cancer essay
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Answer:
Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control. There are different kinds of breast cancer. The kind of breast cancer depends on which cells in the breast turn into cancer. Breast cancer can begin in different parts of the breast.Kinds of Breast Cancer
The cancer cells grow outside the ducts into other parts of the breast tissue. Invasive cancer cells can also spread, or metastasize, to other parts of the body. Invasive lobular carcinoma. Cancer cells spread from the lobules to the breast tissues that are close by.Breast cancer most often begins with cells in the milk-producing ducts (invasive ductal carcinoma). Breast cancer may also begin in the glandular tissue called lobules (invasive lobular carcinoma) or in other cells or tissue within the breast.Breast cancer is most common in females over the age of 50 years. According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), doctors most often diagnose breast cancer in females aged 55–64 years. Based on data from 2012–2016, the median age of diagnosis in females with breast cancer was 62 years oldLumps in the breast, usually painless. Thickening of the breast. Changes to the nipple or breast skin, such as dimpling, puckering or redness. Discharge of fluid from the nipplesBreast cancer has to divide 30 times before it can be felt. Up to the 28th cell division, neither you nor your doctor can detect it by hand. With most breast cancers, each division takes one to two months, so by the time you can feel a cancerous lump, the cancer has been in your body for two to five years.
Answer:
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Explanation:
Cancer begins when healthy cells in the breast change and grow out of control, forming a mass or sheet of cells called a tumor. A tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread.
Breast cancer spreads when the cancer grows into adjacent organs or other parts of the body or when breast cancer cells move to other parts of the body through the blood vessels and/or lymph vessels. This is called a metastasis.
This guide covers both non-invasive (stage 0) as well as early-stage and locally advanced invasive breast cancer, which includes stages I, II, and III. The stage of breast cancer describes how much the cancer has grown, and if or where it has spread.
Although breast cancer most commonly spreads to nearby lymph nodes, it can also spread further through the body to areas such as the bones, lungs, liver, and brain. This is called metastatic or stage IV breast cancer and is the most advanced type of breast cancer. However, the involvement of lymph nodes alone is generally not stage IV breast cancer. Learn more about metastatic breast cancer in a separate section on this website.
If breast cancer comes back after initial treatment, it can recur locally, meaning in the same breast and/or regional lymph nodes. It can also recur elsewhere in the body, called a distant recurrence or metastatic recurrence.
Types of breast cancer
Breast cancer can be invasive or non-invasive. Invasive breast cancer is cancer that spreads into surrounding tissues and/or distant organs. Non-invasive breast cancer does not go beyond the milk ducts or lobules in the breast. Most breast cancers start in the ducts or lobes and are called ductal carcinoma or lobular carcinoma:
Ductal carcinoma. These cancers start in the cells lining the milk ducts and make up the majority of breast cancers.
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This is a non-invasive cancer that is located only in the duct and has not spread outside the duct.
Invasive or infiltrating ductal carcinoma. This is cancer that has spread outside of the duct.
Invasive lobular carcinoma. This is cancer that started in the lobules and has spread outside of the lobules.
Less common types of breast cancer include:
Medullary
Mucinous
Tubular
Metaplastic
Papillary
Inflammatory breast cancer is an aggressive type of cancer that accounts for about 1% to 5% of all breast cancers.
Paget’s disease is a type of cancer that begins in the ducts of the nipple. Although it is usually non-invasive, it can also be an invasive cancer.
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