brief explanation of classification of resources with examples
Answers
→On the basis of origin :
• Biotic
⇒relating to or resulting from living organisms.
⇒ biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem and are sorted into three groups: producers or autotrophs, consumers or heterotrophs, and decomposers or detritivores.
⇒Examples of biotic factors include: Grass as producers (autotrophs).
• Abiotic
⇒physical rather than biological; not derived from living organisms.
⇒Abiotic variables found in terrestrial ecosystems can include things like rain, wind, types of soil, and sunlight.
→On the basis of exhaustibility :
• Renewable
⇒Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale.
⇒such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat
• Non-renewable
⇒a non-renewable natural resource or source of energy.
⇒. These include the fossil fuels, oil, natural gas, and coal and nuclear energy.
→On the basis of ownership :
• Individual
Individual Resources are resources that are owned privately by individuals, e.g.
• land owned by farmers (allotted by the government against the payment of revenue)
• plantations, pasture lands, ponds, water in wells owned by individuals
• plots, houses and other property owned by people in the city
etc.
•
Community
community Resources are resources accessible to all the members of a community. Examples :
• Village commons (grazing grounds, burial grounds, village ponds, etc.)
• public parks, picnic spots, and playgrounds in urban areas
National
National Resources are all the resources that belong to a nation. Examples :
• roads, canals, railways, etc.
• minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, etc.
• land within the political boundaries,
• territorial water and the resources within
The term territorial water refers to the oceanic area up to 12 nautical miles (19.2 km) from the coast.
The country has legal powers to acquire even private property for public good. Urban Development Authorities get empowered by the government to acquire land
International
lnternational Resources are regulated by certain international institutions. These include :
• the oceanic resources beyond 200 km of the Exclusive Economic Zone,
which belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilize these without the concurrence of international institutions.
India had to obtain the right to mine manganese nodules from the bed of the Indian Ocean from an area which lies beyond the exclusive economic zone.
→On the basis of status of development :
• Potential
Potential Resources are resources found in a region which have not been utilized. Examples :
• wind and solar energy development potential in the states of Gujarat and Rajasthan.
Developed
Developed Resources are resources that have been surveyed and determined for utilization both qualitatively and quantitatively. The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility.
Stock
Stock refers to materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these. Examples :
• water is a compound of two inflammable gasses; hydrogen and oxygen, which could be used as a rich source of energy if we had the required technical ‘know-how’. Hence, it can be considered as stock.
Reserves
Reserves are the subset of the stock, which are yet to be put into use with the help of existing technical ‘know-how’. These can be used for meeting future requirements. Example :
• River water can be used for generating hydroelectric power but presently, it is being utilized only to a limited extent.
Thus, the water in the dams is a reserve which can be used in the future.