Briefly describe a solar cell along with constructional features
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Photovoltaics
Raman spectroscopy is playing a leading role in the development of both existing and next generation photovoltaic technologies. It is not only used in research and development, but also to determine production quality.
Better understand your devices
You can use Renishaw's Raman systems to examine and characterise all the main current and emerging PV materials (Si-based, CIGS, CdTe, organics, III-Vs, etc). The key material properties you can determine are:
alloy fractionelectronic efficiencystrain/stressthin film thicknesscrystal structure type and orientationcrystal quality sample uniformity and purity (e.g. defects and contaminants)
Discoloured polycrystalline solar cell
Any device size
Analyse the final device to determine the effect production processes have on quality and performance. Renishaw offers a range of options to accommodate devices of different sizes. For the largest requirements, we specialise in producing free-space microscopes and bespoke solutions. These can be used to perform complete module analysis.
Analysis of photovoltaic cell
See the whole picture
Raman images are a vital tool in photovoltaic development as they can reveal how material properties vary across devices.
With Renishaw's StreamLine™ and Slalomtechnologies, you have all the flexibility you need. Analyse both small and large areas, at whatever resolution you require. This provides better knowledge of the device as a whole, not just a small part of it.
Crystal domains in a polycrystalline photovoltaic cell
Instant laser selection
It is important to select an appropriate laser wavelength when analysing a material. An incorrect choice may cause damage, or result in the generation of data from too deep or too shallow in the sample. The inVia confocal Raman microscope makes it easy to use the best laser; you can equip it with multiple lasers and use its automation capabilities to switch between them in seconds.
Online systems
Renishaw has provided numerous custom Raman systems for online quality control purposes. Contact us and find out how we can help you monitor your photovoltaic products.
Solar panel system
Image gallery
Find out more
Other materials science application areas
Carbon and nanotechnology
Raman spectroscopy is probably the most important analytical tool available for investigating the many different structures produced from carbon.
Semiconductors
Raman spectroscopy is an ideal tool for studying semiconductors.
Catalysis
Raman spectroscopy is increasingly being used in the study of catalysts and catalytic reactions.
We're here when you need us
To find out more about this application area, or an application that isn't covered here, contact our applications team.
Raman spectroscopy is playing a leading role in the development of both existing and next generation photovoltaic technologies. It is not only used in research and development, but also to determine production quality.
Better understand your devices
You can use Renishaw's Raman systems to examine and characterise all the main current and emerging PV materials (Si-based, CIGS, CdTe, organics, III-Vs, etc). The key material properties you can determine are:
alloy fractionelectronic efficiencystrain/stressthin film thicknesscrystal structure type and orientationcrystal quality sample uniformity and purity (e.g. defects and contaminants)
Discoloured polycrystalline solar cell
Any device size
Analyse the final device to determine the effect production processes have on quality and performance. Renishaw offers a range of options to accommodate devices of different sizes. For the largest requirements, we specialise in producing free-space microscopes and bespoke solutions. These can be used to perform complete module analysis.
Analysis of photovoltaic cell
See the whole picture
Raman images are a vital tool in photovoltaic development as they can reveal how material properties vary across devices.
With Renishaw's StreamLine™ and Slalomtechnologies, you have all the flexibility you need. Analyse both small and large areas, at whatever resolution you require. This provides better knowledge of the device as a whole, not just a small part of it.
Crystal domains in a polycrystalline photovoltaic cell
Instant laser selection
It is important to select an appropriate laser wavelength when analysing a material. An incorrect choice may cause damage, or result in the generation of data from too deep or too shallow in the sample. The inVia confocal Raman microscope makes it easy to use the best laser; you can equip it with multiple lasers and use its automation capabilities to switch between them in seconds.
Online systems
Renishaw has provided numerous custom Raman systems for online quality control purposes. Contact us and find out how we can help you monitor your photovoltaic products.
Solar panel system
Image gallery
Find out more
Other materials science application areas
Carbon and nanotechnology
Raman spectroscopy is probably the most important analytical tool available for investigating the many different structures produced from carbon.
Semiconductors
Raman spectroscopy is an ideal tool for studying semiconductors.
Catalysis
Raman spectroscopy is increasingly being used in the study of catalysts and catalytic reactions.
We're here when you need us
To find out more about this application area, or an application that isn't covered here, contact our applications team.
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A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.[1] It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage, or resistance, vary when exposed to light. Solar cells are the building blocks of photovoltaic modules, otherwise known as solar panels.
The operation of a photovoltaic (PV) cell requires 3 basic attributes:
The absorption of light, generating either electron-hole pairs or excitons.
The separation of charge carriers of opposite types.
The separate extraction of those carriers to an external circuit.
Construction-
It essentially consists of a silicon PN junction diode with a glass window on top surface layer of P material is made extremely thin so, that incident light photon’s may easily reach the PN junction.
Working of solar cell
1) Solar cell works under the principle of photovoltaic effect-when light is incident on ‘P-N’ junction a potential gets developed across the junction, this potential is capable of driving a current through the circuit.
2) Hence light energy is getting converted to electrical energy.
3) Here electrons absorbs photons having energy greater than the band gap energy hence they can make transition from the valence band to the conduction band & hence contributes current.
4) The wavelength of light is given by the relation, Eg=h=hc/λ=1.24
The operation of a photovoltaic (PV) cell requires 3 basic attributes:
The absorption of light, generating either electron-hole pairs or excitons.
The separation of charge carriers of opposite types.
The separate extraction of those carriers to an external circuit.
Construction-
It essentially consists of a silicon PN junction diode with a glass window on top surface layer of P material is made extremely thin so, that incident light photon’s may easily reach the PN junction.
Working of solar cell
1) Solar cell works under the principle of photovoltaic effect-when light is incident on ‘P-N’ junction a potential gets developed across the junction, this potential is capable of driving a current through the circuit.
2) Hence light energy is getting converted to electrical energy.
3) Here electrons absorbs photons having energy greater than the band gap energy hence they can make transition from the valence band to the conduction band & hence contributes current.
4) The wavelength of light is given by the relation, Eg=h=hc/λ=1.24
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